Topic 18 EMCON/SATVUL Enabling Objectives 18.1 DEFINE Emission Control including the advantages, disadvantages and planning considerations for emitter use DEFINE the requirements of the EMCON Bill and EMCON status cards DISCUSS shipboard EMCON organization including EMCON Control Center, Intermediate Control Stations, and Equipment Control Stations DEFINE SATVUL to include prediction programs and Charlie elements.

Emission Control Definition: Selective control of the use of electromagnetic, acoustic, or other emitters to optimize C2 capabilities while minimizing: 1. detection by enemy sensors 2. mutual interference among friendly systems 3. compromise of a MILDEC plan.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Emitter Use  Advantages  Can deny the enemy the ability to detect and engage friendly forces  Can delay or disrupt the enemy’s preparations  Restricting radiation reduces friendly EMI  Disadvantages  Loss of detection information  Reduced readiness  Safety and Navigation factors

 Vulnerability of the emitter to adversary collection capabilities  Countering SATVUL may be different than countering shore HFDF collection sites  Current adversary information about friendly forces  If reason to believe SG has been detected, the risks of long-range cuing from sonar or radar may be less important  Activity timing  EMCON may be most beneficial leading up to operations Planning Considerations for Emitter Use

EMISSION CONTROL Bill  Implements EMCON changes with optimal speed and efficiency  Outlines appropriate shipboard emitter status  Establishes EMCON Control Center  Designates Intermediate Control Stations (ICS) and Equipment Control Stations (ECS)  Designates individual responsibility for each shipboard emitter  Provides procedures for:  Intraship reporting  Verification of emitter status  Monitoring of own ship’s emitter status

Commanding Officer Tactical Actions Officer CIC Watch Officer EMCON Control Center Executive Officer EW/SSES CICTel: IFF Room Tel: EquipmentOperatorTel: ET Shop Tel:LAMPSDetTel:WeaponsOfficeTel:SONARTel:BridgeTel:RadioCentralTel: Fire CNTRL Room 1 Tel: Fire CNTRL Room 1 Tel: DirectorControlTel: RADAR Tel: TACANRoomTel: UHF Tel: UHF/VHF/ HF Room 2 Tel: SONAR Equip. Room Tel:SignalBridgeTel:EquipmentSpaceTel: Intermediate Control Stations Equipment Control Stations Sample Shipboard EMCON Organization Chart

EMCON Control Center (ECC)

Intermediate Control Stations  Control over or primary responsibility for operating groups of radiating equipment  Set EMCON as directed by ECC  Maintain an EMCON status board  Relay EMCON orders to ECSs under their control  Report when EMCON is set  Authorize activation of any radiating equipment (with permission of ECC)  Inform ECC of any violations CICTel: ET Shop Tel:LAMPSDetTel:WeaponsOfficeTel:SONARTel:BridgeTel:RadioCentralTel:

Equipment Control Stations  Contain electromagnetic or acoustic equipment, or a control unit for such equipment  Change the radiation status of emitters to comply with EMCON orders  Set equipment to comply with ordered EMCON condition and report such to ICS  Update EMCON status card  Inform ICS of any violations IFF Room Tel: EquipmentOperatorTel: Fire CNTRL Room 1 Tel: Fire CNTRL Room 1 Tel: DirectorControlTel: RADAR Tel: TACANRoomTel: UHF Tel: UHF/VHF/ HF Room 2 Tel: SONAR Equip. Room Tel:SignalBridgeTel:EquipmentSpaceTel:

EMCON STATUS CARD EQUIPMENT:___________________ LINE NUMBER_____________________________ AFTER SETTING EMCON, REPORT TO: __________________PHONE: _____________ CURRENT EMCON CONDITION: _____________________________________________ CURRENT EQUIPMENT STATUS: ____________________________________________ PERSON SETTING EMCON: ________________________________________________ DATE AND TIME EMCON SET: ______________________________________________ EMCON CONDITION ACTION REQUIRED DELTACHARLIEBRAVOALPHA ONEALPHA UNCLASSIFIED (CONFIDENTIAL WHEN COMPLETED)

Satellite Vulnerability  Ship’s emissions may radiate in all directions  Vulnerable to detection by space-based sensors  SATVUL is designed to mitigate this vulnerability

Sample Charlie Element Message Key AAB Field 1: Space Control Center (SCC) Number Field 2: Mean Anomaly Field 3: Mean Motion Field 4: Decay Coefficient Field 5: Eccentricity Field 6: Argument of Perigee Field 7: Longitude of Ascending Node Field 8: Inclination Field 9: Epoch Field 10: No longer used Field 11: Checksum