Approved by DC-E USCG AuxA, Inc Boating Skills & Seamanship Lesson 10 Powering Your Boat

2 Characteristics of Marine Engines Two-Stroke vs Four-Stroke Engines Engine Operation & Care Marine vs Automotive Parts Engine’s Fuel & Battery Preventing Electrolysis Winterizing & Spring Check Basic Trouble Shooting Lesson Objectives (1)

3 Marine Engines D11N NOTE: Much confusion, including this text, between Engines & Propulsion or Drive systems

4 Types of Marine Engines Installation location of engine –Inboard Includes inboard, tunnel, v, stern, & tractor drives –Outboard Operating cycle –2 cycle –4 cycle Fuel type –Gas –Diesel

5 Types of Marine Propulsion Outboard: Unit containing engine, shafts, prop located outside & attached to transom. Trim function Inboard: Engine & gearbox in boat, shaft through hull, external prop & rudder, prop at angle to water surface –Traditional uses straight shaft, engine is well forward of transom –Tunnel drive –V drive moves engine to transom, shaft cut in half and leaves engine going forward, then reverses forming a V shape Inboard/Outboard (I/O) or Stern: Engine inboard at stern, external drive includes prop parallel to water surface, driven by shafts at 90 degrees. Swivel drive to turn; no rudder; trim function –Traditional I/O has large transom cut out with drive & prop on transom –Tractor or 360 degree swivel, shaft through hull, drive & prop under hull Jet drive: Inboard engine and pump thrusts water out nozzle to propel. Impeller no prop. Swivel nozzle to turn.

6 Inboard Engines Engine Mounted In Boat Engine is usually modified automotive Modifications essential for safe use

7 Stern Drive Propulsion Engine In Boat so an INBOARD Engine Outdrive Or Lower Unit Mounted On Transom

8 Outboard Engines Engine Mounted On Transom Outside Boat

9 Four-Stroke Engines Stroke = ½ revolution intakecompressionpowerexhaust

10 Two-Stroke Engines

11 Diesel Engines –More Efficient Than Gas –Less Expensive To Operate –More Reliable –Less Hazardous Fuel Gas Engines –Lighter And Less Expensive –Less Noisy –Less Vibration –More Volatile – Explosive Fuel Gas vs Diesel Engines

12 Marine Parts –Specially Made To Minimize Danger Of Fire And Explosion –Includes But Not Limited To Alternators Starters Distributors Fuel Pumps Fuel Systems (carburetor etc.) Be Aware – Many Marine and Auto Parts Look Alike Automotive vs Marine Parts

13 Getting Fuel Into The Cylinders Gas Engines –Traditional – Carburetor Mixes Fuel & Air –New Systems – Fuel Injection Diesel Engines –Injection Induction Systems

14 Gas Engines –Small Outboards – Magneto –Other Outboards & all Inboards Traditional – Battery, Distributor & Coil Newest - Electronic Diesel Engines –Heat Of Compression Igniting The Fuel Mixture Ignition Systems

15 Open System –Sea Water Pumped Through Engine Closed System –Sea Water Pumped Through Heat Exchanger –Fresh Water with Antifreeze Pumped Through Engine & Heat Exchanger Cooling Systems

16 Gasoline Leaded vs Unleaded Octane Rating –Regular - 86 –Premium - 91/93 –Check Owner’s Manual Alcohol Additive (Gasohol) –Possible Damage To Outboards Fuel Lines & Tanks Oilers (VRO)

17 Marine Battery – Deep-Cycle Check Battery Switch Battery Charge Corroded Terminals Terminals Covered Properly Secured Ensure Proper Cable Attachment & Removal When Using Battery Charger Or Jumping Batteries Batteries

18 Lubrication Oil –Checking - Changing Outboards – Lower Units –Gear Case Oil – Grease Fittings –Hydraulic Fluid General Checks –Bilge Pump –Oil Leaks –Stuffing Box –Drive Belts –Ignition System –Spark Plugs Maintenance

19 Fuel System –Filters –Fuel Lines Cooling System –Water Levels –Hoses Sacrificial Zincs Propellers Maintenance

20 Winterizing The Boat Change Oil & Filter Fuel System –Add Stabilizer & Fill Tank –Run Engine Out of Fuel Cooling System Ignition System Fresh Water System Remove Drain Plug if on Land Heads

21 Spring Fitting-Out Check Batteries – Clamps - Cables Seacocks – Hoses - Clamps Hull For Cracks - Zincs Fuel Tanks & Hoses Bilge Blowers & Hoses Fire Extinguishers & Flares Steering & Trim Galley Stove Bilge Pump & Float Switch

22 Trouble Shooting Engine Will Not Turn Over –Clutch in neutral? –Battery OK? –Cable Connections OK? Engine Will Not Start –Fuel? –Spark? Engine Runs Rough Engine Does Not Develop Full Power

23 Class of Marine Engines Operating Cycle Gas vs Diesel Engines Automotive vs Marine Parts Induction & Ignition Systems Cooling Systems Summary (1)

24 Gasoline Batteries Maintenance Winterizing The Boat Spring Fitting-Out Trouble Shooting Summary (2)