Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Sentence A sentence is a group of words containing a subject and a verb and expressing a complete thought –So, three things are needed for a sentence to be complete: Subject Verb Expresses a complete thought

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Subject and Predicate A sentence consists of two parts: the subject and the predicate. The subject of the sentence is the part about which something is being said. The predicate is the part that says something about the subject.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Predicates The Simple Predicate and the Complete Predicate –The predicate of a sentence is the part that says something about the subject. –Its official name is the complete predicate

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Predicates Within the complete predicate, there is always a word or a word group that is the main part of the predicate. –Presents the key word in completing the statement about the subject –This is called the simple predicate or verb.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Predicates Example –The students worked very hard throughout the entire quarter. worked very hard throughout the entire quarter is the complete predicate worked is the simple predicate

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Predicates More difficult example: –Has Richie helped you? has helped you is the complete predicate has helped is the simple predicate The simple predicate consists of the entire verb phrase

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Predicates Another example: –The student will not fail this class. will not fail this class is the complete predicate will fail is the simple predicate

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Subjects The Simple Subject and the Complete Subject –The subject of a sentence is the part about which something is being said –Its official name is the complete subject

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Subjects Within the complete subject, there is always a word or a group of words that is the main part of the subject. –It is called the simple subject

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Subjects Example –A student with an impressive work ethic will do well in class. A student with an impressive work ethic is the complete subject A student is the simple subject

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates How to Find the Subject of a Sentence The subject can appear at almost any point in the sentence The easiest way to find the subject is to find the verb first

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates How to Find the Subject of a Sentence Example –Gum was placed on the desk The verb is was placed Ask yourself who or what was placed? The answer ( gum ) is the subject of the sentence

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates How to Find the Subject of a Sentence More difficult example –Beyond the classroom door walks an assistant principal. What is the verb? – Walks Ask yourself who is walking? The answer (assistant principal) is the subject of the sentence

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates How to Find the Subject of a Sentence Very Helpful Hint –The subject is never in a prepositional phrase

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates How to Find the Subject of a Sentence Example –One of my friends plays on the team. What is the verb? – Plays Ask yourself who is doing the playing? – Friends?

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates How to Find the Subject of a Sentence Not correct— friends functions as the object of the prepositional phrase (remember, a prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition, any modifiers and the noun or pronoun which functions as the object of the prepositional phrase) The correct subject of the sentence is One

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates The Subject in an Unusual Position Sentences beginning with There or Here –When the word there or here comes at the beginning of a sentence, it may appear to be the subject, but it is not. –Remember to ask yourself who or what is doing the action

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates The Subject in an Unusual Position Example –There are two desks in the classroom. The verb is are Ask yourself who or what are ? The answer: desks The subject of the sentence is desks

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates The Subject in an Unusual Position Sentences that ask a question –Questions usually begin with a verb –Also, they frequently begin with words like what, when, where, how and why. –The subject usually follows the verb

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates The Subject in an Unusual Position Examples –Why is he running? The subject is he –How do you feel? The subject is you

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates The Subject in an Unusual Position When questions begin with a helping verb, the subject always comes between the helping verb and the main verb. –Remember to find the verb and ask who or what is doing the verb

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates The Subject in an Unusual Position Example –Were the students late? The subject is students Helpful Hint: You can turn questions into statements in order to help you find the subject The students were late.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Sentences in Which the Subject is Understood In requests and commands, the subject is usually left out of the sentence. The subject of a command or request is you –Understood but not expressed

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Sentences in Which the Subject is Understood Example –Clean up this room! The verb is clean Who is doing the cleaning? The subject is you –A subject of this kind is said to be understood.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Compound Subjects And Verbs Compound Subject –Two or more subjects connected by and or or and having the same verb are called a compound subject

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Compound Subjects And Verbs Example –The boy and the girl studied for the test. The verb is studied Who studied? The subject is boy and girl –Compound subject

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Compound Subjects And Verbs Compound Verb –Two or more verbs joined by a connecting word and having the same subject are called a compound verb

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Compound Subjects And Verbs Example –The students talked and whispered during class. The verbs are talked and whispered Who talked and whispered? The subject is students talked and whispered are called a compound verb

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Assignment Please rewrite the following sentences. Underline the simple subject once and the simple predicate twice.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Assignment 1.There were eight students in class. 2.My mom and dad enjoy driving across country. 3.The student studied for the test. 4.When should we go to the restaurant? 5.Pick up your clothes.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Assignment 6. An article about the new plans for downtown was published in the newspaper. 7. He bought a broken C.D. player and installed it in his car. 8. During the summer months, many children participate in the summer reading program.

Geschke--English IV Grammar Unit--Subjects and Predicates Assignment 9. Here are the missing pieces to the puzzle. 10. Only one of many students loudly proclaimed his protest to the cafeteria’s lunch menu.