INFORMATION SYSTEM CONCEPTS UNIT 1 Educational Management Information System

2  This module will help you  Understand the term information systems (IS)  Appreciate the Role of IS  Understand the Impact of IS

 Any form of technology used by people to handle information.

- The information system is set of interrelated components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization

 - Integrated components processing, storing and disseminating information in an organisation.  Interdisciplinary study of systems that provide information to users in organisations.

 Information  Clusters of facts meaningful and useful to human beings in processes such as making decisions  Data  Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions – meaningless without structure  For example, think of data as a set of marks given for an exam, whereas information is how these marks are turned in a degree. This could be further explored with how a set of degree marks (data) can be used to determine the total number of people gaining a 1 st class.

collect process distribute store PURPOSE: support decision making + control directing, planning, coordinating, communicating

8 Data Processing Management Reporting Decision Support Strategic & End User Electronic Commerce Electronic Data Processing - TPS Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems - Ad hoc Reports End User Computing Exec Info Sys Expert Systems SIS Electronic Business & Commerce -Internetworked E-Business & Commerce

9  IS play very vital role in the management, administration and operation of the organization.  The system ensures that an appropriate ▪ data is collected from various sources ▪,processed and ▪ sent further to all the needy destinations.  Information System fulfill the information needs of an individual and top management

Approaches to Information Systems Management Information Systems MIS The study of information systems focusing on their use in business and management. Approaches Technical Behavioural Sociotechnical SOCIOLOG Y POLITICAL SCIENCE PSYCHOLOG Y COMPUTERSCIENCE OPERATIONS RESEAR C H MANAGEMENTSCIENCE TECHNICAL APPROACHES MIS BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES

MIS is the multi-disciplinary study of how IS can be used in business and management. This involves both technical and behavioural approaches. Sociotechnical approach – the combination of both. The premise is that for businesses to prosper, that there is increasing reliance on IS. IS involve implementing business rules and Standard Operating Procedures, etc. Businesses must also adapt to IS – they should review the organisational structure and adapt rules with IS in mind. MIS

13  At every phase of the management process, managers constantly need information in order to make effective decisions.  It does not include purely functional information or technical information.  Management information is the information required by managers as they make their decisions,

14  Further IS provides  Timely and Accurate Transaction Processing.  Streamlining Accounting and Records Management.  Providing Managers with ad hoc and interactive support in decision-making.  Provision of an easy and systematic way in digging out critical information tailored according to specific requirements, and customized in preferred formats.  Enables an organization to gain competitive advantage over others.  Better communication, inter-organizational computing, and internet-working. Supports business operations and successful management of business enterprises.

15  Better use of resources by automating routine functions.  Increased ability to make sound, rational and informed decisions involving complex combinations of factors, and doing so with more confidence and speed.  Better use of time by making facilities available every time they are required.  Improved customer services and improved personnel relations within the organization

In your opinion as an educational manager, Why is Information Systems important in the organization ? What are sample management information that educational managers need that can be produced by Information Systems?

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18  IS creates an impact on the organization’s function, performance and productivity.  With IS support management of all departments of an organization can become more effective.  Information reporting system helps entire organization.

19  Targets tracking and monitoring becomes easy. Top level managers can be informed accordingly.  Probable trends in various aspects of business can be traced. This helps in log-term planning and forecasting.  Exception conditions can be brought up. managers can take decision in that matter.

Can you concretize instances where impact of IS on management and impact of IS on organization is evident.