Smart Homes Spring 2005 Computational Intelligence Seminar Series Presented by Kevin Harris

Outline Displaying a need: US demographic trends Displaying a need: US demographic trends Smart Homes Smart Homes Goals, Vocabulary, Technology, Challenges, & FunctionsGoals, Vocabulary, Technology, Challenges, & Functions Paper: The Smart House for Older Persons and Persons With Physical Disabilities: Structure, Technology, Arrangements, and Perspectives Paper: The Smart House for Older Persons and Persons With Physical Disabilities: Structure, Technology, Arrangements, and Perspectives Project Websites Project Websites

Displaying a need: US demographic trends In 2000, age 65+ In 2000, age million people 35.0 million people 53% % % % % % million women 20.6 million women 14.4 million men 14.4 million men 28% lived alone in households 28% lived alone in households

Displaying a need: US demographic trends

The elderly population will more than double between now and the year 2050, to 80 million. The elderly population will more than double between now and the year 2050, to 80 million. About 1 in 5 US citizens (18.5%) will be elderly by 2030 About 1 in 5 US citizens (18.5%) will be elderly by 2030 Between 1990 and 2020, the population age 65 to 74 is estimated to grow 74 percent, while the population under age 65 will increase only 24 percent. Between 1990 and 2020, the population age 65 to 74 is estimated to grow 74 percent, while the population under age 65 will increase only 24 percent. Most of this growth should occur between 2010 and 2030, when the "baby boom" generation enters their elderly years. During that period, the number of elderly will grow by an average of 2.8 percent annually. Most of this growth should occur between 2010 and 2030, when the "baby boom" generation enters their elderly years. During that period, the number of elderly will grow by an average of 2.8 percent annually.

Displaying a need: US demographic trends The population 65 and over reported more disabilities: Self care, physical, sensory The population 65 and over reported more disabilities: Self care, physical, sensory Individuals older than 65 have four times the medical costs of younger Americans Individuals older than 65 have four times the medical costs of younger Americans Employee base working and paying taxes to finance Medicare is eroding: in 1980, 4.1 workers per beneficiary, in 2030, only 2.3:1 Employee base working and paying taxes to finance Medicare is eroding: in 1980, 4.1 workers per beneficiary, in 2030, only 2.3:1 Net cash flow of the Medicare Hospital Insurance Trust Fund is expected to go into a deficit in 2016 Net cash flow of the Medicare Hospital Insurance Trust Fund is expected to go into a deficit in 2016 Missouri is one of the twelve states with the highest elderly population proportion (14% or more) Missouri is one of the twelve states with the highest elderly population proportion (14% or more)

Smart Homes Automated homes, Domotics, Networked Homes, Intelligent homes Automated homes, Domotics, Networked Homes, Intelligent homes Electrical devices used in the home to enhance the quality of life by providing more control over the user’s environment Electrical devices used in the home to enhance the quality of life by providing more control over the user’s environment Monitor Activities Monitor Activities Behavioral aspects Behavioral aspects Design Considerations Design Considerations

Smart Home Goals Contribute to a better quality of life by increasing self control, self esteem, and enabling self-fulfillment Contribute to a better quality of life by increasing self control, self esteem, and enabling self-fulfillment Allow the elderly to remain independent in the home or age in place by making everyday life easier Allow the elderly to remain independent in the home or age in place by making everyday life easier Allow the home to adapt to the functional capabilities of the user Allow the home to adapt to the functional capabilities of the user Use health monitoring for prevention and early intervention Use health monitoring for prevention and early intervention Increase the efficiency of care services through the use of technology to provide care to people within their local environment Increase the efficiency of care services through the use of technology to provide care to people within their local environment Improve social environment Improve social environment

Types of Smart Houses Smart house for: Smart house for: People with movement disabilitiesPeople with movement disabilities Older personsOlder persons People with low visionPeople with low vision Hearing impaired peopleHearing impaired people Cognitively impaired peopleCognitively impaired people General populationGeneral population

Smart Home Vocabulary Assistive Technology Assistive Technology Bus System Bus System Communication Protocols Communication Protocols Dependability Dependability Plug and Play Plug and Play Telemedicine Telemedicine Telecare Telecare Warden Call Systems Warden Call Systems

Smart Home Technology Four main types Four main types Mains Born: X10 and Powerline Mains Born: X10 and Powerline Busline: Konnex (formerly EIB, BatiBus, EHS) or LonWorks Busline: Konnex (formerly EIB, BatiBus, EHS) or LonWorks Radio Frequency: Bluetooth (wireless) Radio Frequency: Bluetooth (wireless) Infrared: Various (wireless) Infrared: Various (wireless)

Smart Home Technology Challenges Challenges Most systems have closed architecturesMost systems have closed architectures Most systems are supported by one manufacturerMost systems are supported by one manufacturer A lack of standards for communication and interoperability to allow for plug and playA lack of standards for communication and interoperability to allow for plug and play Creating a modular system that makes it easy to add/remove components, maintain, and updateCreating a modular system that makes it easy to add/remove components, maintain, and update Privacy and SecurityPrivacy and Security

Smart Home Functions Devices for automation and control of the home environment Devices for automation and control of the home environment Devices for health monitoring of important vital parameters Devices for health monitoring of important vital parameters Devices for information exchange Devices for information exchange Assistive devices Assistive devices Leisure devices Leisure devices

Smart Home Functions Control of systems Control of systems Emergency help Emergency help Temperature monitoring/ ventilation control Temperature monitoring/ ventilation control Water and energy use Water and energy use Automatic lighting Automatic lighting Door surveillance Door surveillance Cooker safety Cooker safety Property security Property security Communications Communications Water temperature control Water temperature control Window, blind, and curtain control Window, blind, and curtain control On-line links On-line links ET and Edu services ET and Edu services Cleaning functions Cleaning functions Memory joggers/reminders Memory joggers/reminders Diary facility Diary facility Lifestyle monitoring Lifestyle monitoring Medical monitoring Medical monitoring

Smart Home Technology Video Monitoring Video Monitoring Health Monitors Health Monitors Pulse, skin temperature, blood pressure, respiration, movement, gait, weight, posture, gesturesPulse, skin temperature, blood pressure, respiration, movement, gait, weight, posture, gestures Fall Detectors Fall Detectors TunstallTunstall Tele-alarmTele-alarm Pressure Mats Pressure Mats Motion Detectors Motion Detectors

Requirements of sensors Noninvasive Noninvasive Convenient to install, wear, and to use Convenient to install, wear, and to use No vibrations, noise, or light signaling during measurement No vibrations, noise, or light signaling during measurement High reliability and long life High reliability and long life Wireless signal transmission Wireless signal transmission Automatic measurement Automatic measurement

Project Websites University of Rochester, Center for Future Health University of Rochester, Center for Future Health The University of Florida, Gator-Tech Smart House The University of Florida, Gator-Tech Smart House University of Virginia MARC Smarthouse University of Virginia MARC Smarthouse Georgia Institute of Technology, The Aware Home Georgia Institute of Technology, The Aware Home Massachusetts Institute of Technology, House n Massachusetts Institute of Technology, House n

Center for Future Health University of Rochester University of Rochester Pre-concept testing, concept testing, pilots, and prototype testing Pre-concept testing, concept testing, pilots, and prototype testing Using infrared sensors, computers, biosensors, and video cameras in 5 rooms Using infrared sensors, computers, biosensors, and video cameras in 5 rooms Measurement of traditional vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respiration) Measurement of traditional vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respiration) Measurement of "new vital signs", such as gait, behavior patterns, sleep patterns, general exercise, rehabilitation exercises, and more Measurement of "new vital signs", such as gait, behavior patterns, sleep patterns, general exercise, rehabilitation exercises, and more

Gator-Tech Smart House The University of Florida The University of Florida Focus is on older people with disabilities Focus is on older people with disabilities Developing communications, home monitoring, and "smart" technology for older persons Developing communications, home monitoring, and "smart" technology for older persons Sensors embedded in the wall and floor Sensors embedded in the wall and floor Smart phone that will allow residents to give commands to the house Smart phone that will allow residents to give commands to the house RFIDs in food packaging RFIDs in food packaging Computers with video teleconferencing capability Computers with video teleconferencing capability

The Aware Home Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Senior adults Senior adults Project focus on social communication, memory aids, everyday home assistants, and activity recognition Project focus on social communication, memory aids, everyday home assistants, and activity recognition The “Gesture Pendant” recognizes, and then translates gestures into commands for home appliances The “Gesture Pendant” recognizes, and then translates gestures into commands for home appliances Three story 5040 sq ft home that functions as a living laboratory Three story 5040 sq ft home that functions as a living laboratory

House_n Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Changing Places/House_n Consortium has designed a unique “living laboratory” called the PlaceLab The Changing Places/House_n Consortium has designed a unique “living laboratory” called the PlaceLab Develop innovative user interface applications that help people easily control their environment, save resources, remain mentally and physically active, and stay healthy Develop innovative user interface applications that help people easily control their environment, save resources, remain mentally and physically active, and stay healthy

House_n Projects Sensor network Sensor network Environmental sensing Environmental sensing State sensors State sensors Location beacons Location beacons Audio sensing Audio sensing Wearable biometric and motion sensors. Wearable biometric and motion sensors. Addressable lighting Addressable lighting Environmental control Environmental control Still image and video capture Still image and video capture Context-aware experience sampling Context-aware experience sampling Activity recognition algorithms Activity recognition algorithms Image-based experience sampling Image-based experience sampling Audio communication Audio communication

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