Chapter 12: Oceans and the Environment Big Question: Can We Learn to Manage the Oceans’ Resources?

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington World Fish Production

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington The Decline of Fish Populations

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Death of a Fishery Case Study: Chesapeake Bay- A fishery disaster in the U.S.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Other Problems Highly polluted farm runoff. Scientific theory remains inadequate

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington An Ocean Is Many Habitats and Ecosystems

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Where Are the Fish? Most fish we eat come from continental shelves.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Salmon, Anchovies and Upwellings Managing ocean fisheries is difficult. Salmon illustrate the problems of managing ocean fisheries. Many factors influence their birth and death rates.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Upwelling Ocean Currents Upwelling ocean currents affect smaller fish that salmon eat. They bring nutrients, such as phosphorus, from deep ocean sediments and waters.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Coral Reefs: A Special Problem Reefs are restricted to warm waters and therefore low latitudes.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Coral Reefs at Risk We love them to death. More than half of the remaining coral reefs are considered at risk.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington We Pollute the Oceans Our wastes end up in the oceans.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Marine Pollution Marine pollution affects oceanic life in a variety of ways Plastics are dumped into oceans, float with ocean currents, and accumulate in convergent currents (i.e. near the northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Making Ocean Fisheries Sustainable Problem: much of the open ocean is a “commons.” Managing fisheries: there are four options: 1. Establish a total catch quota. 2. Issue a restricted number of licenses. 3. Tax fish brought in, or the effort. 4. Allocate fishing transfer/selling rights.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Marine Sanctuaries Sanctuaries can be invaluable in helping populations recover.

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Aquaculture and Mariculture Fish produced by Aquaculture and Mari (marine) culture

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Conservation of Whales and Other Marine Mammals

Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Dolphins and Other Small Whales Source: Wikipedia

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