Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Public Speaking: An Audience-Centered Approach – 7 th edition Chapter 14 Presentation Aids This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: · any public performances or display, including transmission of any image over a network; · preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; · any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Steven A. Beebe & Susan J. Beebe

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 “The soul never thinks without a picture.” - Aristotle

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 The Value of Presentation Aids Audience understands ideas better. Audience remembers ideas more. Listeners can organize ideas better. Gain and maintain audience attention more effectively.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 The Value of Presentation Aids Display sequence of steps clearer. Help promote visual rhetoric: process of using images as an integrated element in the total communication effort.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Three-dimensional Models:good when actual objects are difficult or impossible. People: good when assistance is needed to illustrate a concept.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Two-dimensional Drawings. Photographs. Slides. Maps.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Two-dimensional Graphs.  Bar: for comparisons.  Pie: for distributions.  Line: for progressions.  Picture: for illustrations. Charts.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Two-dimensional Flipcharts. Chalkboards & whiteboards. Overhead transparencies. Computer-generated aids.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Tips for two-dimensional: computer-generated aids: Use limited text. Use bullets & parallel structure. Use headings to summarize theme. Control PowerPoint images. Repeat visual elements. Choose appropriate & easy-to-see typefaces & fonts. Use high-contrast colors.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Appropriate and Easy-to-see Typefaces & Fonts Which are appropriate? Which are easy-to-see?

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Use Limited Text Maintain Consistency With size. With color. With bullets. With fonts.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Use High-Contrast Colors Some combinations have low–contrast. Others have high–contrast. Which color combination is easier on your eyes?

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Audiovisual Aids DVDs. CDs. Videotapes. iPods. Other MP3 players.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Types of Presentation Aids Tips for Using Audiovisual Aids Pick best excerpts. Rehearse with equipment. Don’t play long portions. Make volume reasonable.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Guidelines for Developing Presentation Aids Make easy to see. Keep simple. Select right ones. Avoid dangerous or illegal ones.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Guidelines for Using Presentation Aids Rehearse with your aid. Focus eye contact on audience, not the aid. Explain the aid. Do not distribute the aid. Use animals with caution.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Guidelines for Using Presentation Aids Manage handouts effectively.  Do not distribute during speech.  Tell listeners when to refer to handouts.  Number pages of handouts.  Prepare overheads to match.  Handouts can summarize key ideas for audience to remember.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Guidelines for Using Presentation Aids Time the presentation aid appropriately.  Remove when finished referring to it.  Position it ahead of time.  Consider asking others to help you with the viewing of the aid. Use technology effectively. Remember Murphy’s Law.