1. Creating and Using Presentational Aids Presentational Aids: Visual, audio, or audiovisual aids that help you express ideas in your speech.

2. Why Use Presentational Aids The main reason to use such aids is that they make verbal messages more concrete. Presentational aids also: Adds variety to your speech Reduces your public speaking anxiety Increases listener retention Enhances the persuasive appeal of your speech Reaches listeners by addressing different learning styles

3. Types of Presentational Aids Actual Objects Models Photographs Drawings Diagrams Maps Graphs Charts Audiovisual Materials Audio materials

4. Example Diagram

5. Example Map

6. Using Graphs Graphs: Representations intended to make statistics, statistical trends, and statistical relationships clearer to the listeners. Bar graphs: Useful for comparing items. Line Graphs: Useful for representing trends over time. Pie Graphs: Useful for representing percentages of a whole.

7. Example Bar Graph

8. Example Line Graph

9. Example Pie Graph

10. Ways to Display Presentational Aids Chalkboard / Whiteboard Poster board / Display board / Flipchart Handouts Overhead Projectors / Document Cameras Audio and video players Computerized slide shows (powerpoint) and LCD’s

11. Constructing Presentational Aids The aid should enhance verbal message. The aid should communicate ideas clearly. Size – Make it large! Simplicity – Keep it simple! Use simple font. Color – The use of color can help you communicate ideas and make your presentation clear. Limit the information on your aid. (Your slide show should enhance your presentation, not repeat it – avoid having too much on the slide.) Use upper and lower case letters.

12. The Importance of Font Times New Roman Avoid Cursive fonts Helvetica Avoid Gaudy or italicized fonts Geneva Avoid Very thin fonts Arial Bad ChoicesGood Choices

13. Using Presentational Aids Practice with your presentational aid. Position your presentational aid before you begin your speech. Explain and integrate your presentational aid. Talk to your audience, not to the presentational aid. Disclose and conceal your presentational aid when appropriate.

14. Explaining and Integrating Your Presentational Aids Reveal the aid by disclosing it to the group. Explain what the aid is by describing its purpose. Refer to the aid by pointing to it and to the images and details you are talking about.

15. Explaining and Integrating Presentational Aids Integrate the aid by showing its connection to the point you are making in the speech. Remove the aid by concealing it to the group.