Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Measurement Of Charged Antiparticle To Particle Ratios by the PHOBOS Experiment at RHIC Conor Henderson Massachusetts.

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Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Measurement Of Charged Antiparticle To Particle Ratios by the PHOBOS Experiment at RHIC Conor Henderson Massachusetts Institute of Technology For the PHOBOS collaboration

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 PHOBOS Collaboration ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY Birger Back, Nigel George, Alan Wuosmaa BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY Mark Baker, Donald Barton, Alan Carroll, Stephen Gushue, George Heintzelman, Robert Pak, Louis Remsberg, Peter Steinberg, Andrei Sukhanov INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS, KRAKOW Andrzej Budzanowski, Roman Holynski, Jerzy Michalowski, Andrzej Olszewski, Pawel Sawicki, Marek Stodulski, Adam Trzupek, Barbara Wosiek, Krzysztof Wozniak MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wit Busza*, Patrick Decowski, Kristjan Gulbrandsen, Conor Henderson, Jay Kane, Judith Katzy, Piotr Kulinich, Johannes Muelmenstaedt, Heinz Pernegger, Corey Reed, Christof Roland, Gunther Roland, Leslie Rosenberg, Pradeep Sarin, Stephen Steadman, George Stephans, Gerrit van Nieuwenhuizen, Carla Vale, Robin Verdier, Bernard Wadsworth, Bolek Wyslouch NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY, TAIWAN Willis Lin, JawLuen Tang UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER Joshua Hamblen, Erik Johnson, Nazim Khan, Steven Manly, Inkyu Park, Wojtek Skulski, Ray Teng, Frank Wolfs UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO Russell Betts, Clive Halliwell, David Hofman, Burt Holzman, Wojtek Kucewicz, Don McLeod, Rachid Nouicer, Michael Reuter UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND Richard Bindel, Edmundo Garcia-Solis, Alice Mignerey * Spokesperson

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Why Measure Antiparticle/Particle Ratios? Microscopic viewpoint: –Antiproton/proton ratio determined by: Baryon stopping; Pair production; Absorption in nuclear medium Thermodynamic viewpoint: –Particle ratios can be used to estimate hadro-chemical potentials

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 The PHOBOS Detector Ring Counters Paddle Trigger Counter Spectrometer TOF Octagon+Vertex Au+Au collisions 68,359 events 12% most central

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 The PHOBOS Spectrometer One arm with 16 layers of Si sensors Outer layers situated in 2T magnetic field Coverage near mid- rapidity

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 B-field inverted to obtain antiparticle/particle ratios: e.g. Antiparticles for B+/ Particles for B- Particle Tracking In Spectrometer x 10 cm 1 2 ByBy 1.Road-following algorithm finds straight tracks in field- free region 2.Curved tracks in B-field found by clusters in (1/p,  ) space 3.Match pieces by , consistency in dE/dx and fit in yz-plane z

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Particle Identification dE/dx in Si sensors depends only on velocity dE/dx vs. p therefore allows identification of particle Ratios stable w.r.t. cut variation

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Corrections to the Raw Numbers Secondary particles (+2%) – Little material between interaction point and sensitive volume Antiproton absorption in detector (+8%) –From GEANT simulations Feed-down from weak decays (-2%) –Reduced by tracking within 10cm of vertex –Further limit by distance-of-closest-approach cut on tracks

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 The Results No strong p t dependence observed For p t < ~1 GeV, near mid-rapidity: (Submitted to PRL; preprint hep-ex/ )

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Comparison To Lower Energies and Models K - /K + and pbar/p significantly higher than at AGS or SPS HIJING over-predicts our data, RQMD under-predicts it.

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Estimation Of Baryo-chemical Potential Statistical model of Redlich et al. (QM ’01) Assume freeze-out temperature 160–170 MeV Obtain  B = 45  5 MeV SPS,  B = MeV

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Summary Antiparticle/particle ratios measured near mid-rapidity by PHOBOS silicon spectrometer K - /K + and pbar/p higher than at AGS or SPS  B =45 MeV is lower

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 Spectrometer Acceptance Averaged over vertex range and azimuthal angle

Conor Henderson, MIT APS April 2001 HIJING & RQMD Comparison : Baryon Stopping Net Baryon Number y