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Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -1- Results from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC Christof Roland (MIT) for the PHOBOS Collaboration.

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Presentation on theme: "Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -1- Results from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC Christof Roland (MIT) for the PHOBOS Collaboration."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -1- Results from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC Christof Roland (MIT) for the PHOBOS Collaboration

3 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -2- Year 1: The Big Picture Q: Entropy Production Hadro-Chemistry Thermal Equilibration  Multiplicity  Charged Particle Density  Event Anisotropy  Flow  Particle Ratios Au+Au Collisions @  s = 130 GeV

4 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -3- PHOBOS Collaboration ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS, KRAKOW MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY, TAIWAN UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND Birger Back, Nigel George, Alan Wuosmaa Mark Baker, Donald Barton, Alan Carroll, Stephen Gushue, George Heintzelman, Robert Pak, Louis Remsberg, Peter Steinberg, Andrei Sukhanov Andrzej Budzanowski, Roman Holynski, Jerzy Michalowski, Andrzej Olszewski, Pawel Sawicki, Marek Stodulski, Adam Trzupek, Barbara Wosiek, Krzysztof Wozniak Wit Busza (Spokesperson), Patrick Decowski, Kristjan Gulbrandsen, Conor Henderson, Jay Kane, Judith Katzy, Piotr Kulinich, Johannes Muelmenstaedt, Heinz Pernegger, Corey Reed, Christof Roland, Gunther Roland, Leslie Rosenberg, Pradeep Sarin, Stephen Steadman, George Stephans, Gerrit van Nieuwenhuizen, Carla Vale, Robin Verdier, Bernard Wadsworth, Bolek Wyslouch Willis Lin, Jaw-Luen Tang Joshua Hamblen, Erik Johnson, Nazim Khan, Steven Manly, Inkyu Park, Wojtek Skulski, Ray Teng, Frank Wolfs Russell Betts, Clive Halliwell, David Hofman, Burt Holzman, Wojtek Kucewicz, Don McLeod, Rachid Nouicer, Michael Reuter Richard Bindel, Edmundo Garcia, Alice Mignerey

5 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -4- PHOBOS Detector Ring Counters Paddle Trigger Counter Spectrometer TOF Octagon+Vertex 96000 Silicon Pad channels 4  Multiplicity Array Mid-rapidity Spectrometer Scintillator Paddles + Zero Degree Calorimeter for triggering TOF wall for high-momentum PID

6 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -5- First RHIC physics result: Back et al., PRL 85 (2000) 3100 Multiplicity at  =0 vs Energy RESULT  sNpart 56 GeV330 +/- 4 + 10 /- 15 130 GeV343 +/- 4 + 7 /- 14  sdN/d  56 GeV408 +/- 12 +/- 30 130 GeV555 +/- 12 +/- 35  s2dN/d  /N part 56 GeV2.47 +/-.10 +/-.25 130 GeV3.24 +/-.10 +/-.25 Ratio: 1.31 +/-.04 +/-.05 Au+Au @ 130 GeV: 40% increase from p+p to central Au+Au 70% increase from CERN-SPS 6% most central

7 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -6- Multiplicity at  =0 vs N part N part Yellow band: Systematic uncertainty Preliminary dN ch /d  /(0.5*N part ) Physics run July-Sept 2000 10 centrality bins for upper 45% of cross section Q: How does dNch/d  @  =0 evolve from 2.3 (p+p) to 3.25 (Au+Au) per participant pair? EKRT Saturation disfavored Good agreement with previous PHOBOS point Neither HIJING nor EKRT describe data well

8 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -7-  Multiplicity in 4  (Hit counting) Occupancy correction (assuming Poisson statistics) dN ch dd =  hits O( ,b) ×f B ( ,b) A(Z VTX )   RingsOctagonRings Acceptance Factor Background correction

9 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -8- dN ch /d  vs Centrality Preliminary Statistical errors only - 10-20% systematical uncertainty

10 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -9- Evolution of dNch/d  vs Npart = 4100 +/- 410 for 3% most central Additional particle production near  =0 Wider + more particles relative to HIJING Preliminary  (dN ch /d  )/(½N part ) Data HIJING N part =356 N part =215 N part =103 (dN ch /d  )/(½N part ) Statistical errors only  N part PHOBOS Prelim. ±10% Systematic Uncertainty HIJING N ch (|  |<5.4)

11 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -10- Collective Effects: Elliptic Flow Q: Does the initial space anisotropy translate into final state momentum space anisotropy? b (reaction plane) dN/d(  R ) = N 0 (1 + 2V 1 cos (  R ) + 2V 2 cos (2(  R ) ) +... )

12 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -11- Systematic error ~ 0.007 Large V 2 signal compared to lower energy Centrality Dependence close to Hydro. V 2 drops for |  | > 1.5 Elliptic Flow Results  V2V2 PHOBOS STAR (PRL) Hydro. model V2V2 Normalized Paddle Signal SPS AGS Preliminary |  | < 1.0 Averaged over centrality

13 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -12- Hadro Chemistry: Particle Ratios p-p- Preliminary  Thermal Model Estimte :  B ~ 50 MeV  Central region not net baryon-free! Q: Baryo-Chemical Potential, Baryon Stopping.)syst(..)stat(...)syst(..)stat(.. p p K K 10050540 10090910  .)syst(..)stat(.. 050010 1        Centrality =12 % ~ 310

14 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -13- dN ch /d  @  =0 per participant 70% higher than SPS for central Au+Au 40% higher than p+p at RHIC energy N part evolution between HIJING and EKRT dN ch /d  in 4-  = 4100 +/- 410 (|  |< 5.4) for 3% central Additional particle production near  =0 for central events Wider than HIJING Elliptic flow V 2 up to 0.06 – close to hydrodynamic limit larger than SPS V 2 drops for |  | > 1.5 Particle ratios p/p ratio 0.54 +/- 0.1 Central region not baryon free Summary

15 Christof Roland/MITMoriond,March, 2001 -14- Outlook I: 2001 >100x statistics Physics: low-p T physics Spectra HBT Resonances (  at low p T  Event-by-Event physics Both arms completed Energy systematics Species systematics

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