Material Health and Green Chemistry Northwest Green Chemistry Roundtable Lauren Heine Ph.D. Co-Director Clean Production Action Director GreenScreen Program Technical Advisor, Northwest Green Chemistry October

Carpet Furniture Paint Ceiling tile Wall covering Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) asthma to cancer

Material Health in LEED v4 MRcredits: Building Product Disclosure & Optimization – Material Ingredients Material Ingredient Optimization GreenScreen List Translator + No Benchmark 1 GreenScreen Full Assessment + No Benchmark 1 Cradle to Cradle Certified - v3 Silver, Gold, Platinum - v2 Gold & Platinum REACH – International Compliance Path Option 2 Material Ingredient Reporting Health Product Declaration (HPD) Manufacturer’s Inventory with GreenScreen Cradle to Cradle Certified - all levels except v3 Basic Option 1

Critical Steps to Determine Material Health Inventory and Disclosure – What’s in it? –Depth of inventory Hazard Screening – GS List Translator –Identify known hazards, RSLs, etc. Full Hazard Assessment - GS and C2C –What are the potential impacts of the ingredients? Optimization – designing to pose no hazards or risks –Reformulate, innovate InventoryScreenOptimizeAssess

Material Assessment Chemical Hazard Full Assessment Chemical Hazard List Screening Product Content Inventory Inventoried to 100 PPM and... OP 2 I00% BM1 using GS LT (can document with HPD) OP 2 150%; No BM1 using full GreenScreen method Inventoried to 1,000 PPM and... OP 1 HPD with GS LT for all OP 1 MI disclose all ingredients or hazards based on GS LT Getting Credit in LEED v4 OP 1 All levels but v3 Basic OP 2 100% v2 Gold, v3 Silver OP 2 150%: v2 Platinum v3 Gold/Platinum

A method for Chemical Hazard Assessment (CHA) developed by Clean Production Action – Fully transparent – Scientifically based – Simplifies complex information – Applies to chemicals, materials and products – Freely downloadable* – Becoming a global standard GreenScreen® for Safer Chemicals *All supporting resources at:

Green chemistry is “the design of products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances.” #3 Less hazardous chemical syntheses #4 Design safer chemicals and products #5 Use safer solvents and auxiliaries #10 Design chemicals and products to degrade after use #12 Minimize the potential for accidents Green/Sustainable Chemistry Defined by 12 Principles: reduce risk by reducing inherent hazard Risk =  (Hazard, Exposure)

GS List Translator – High level review using hazard lists only – Doesn’t require toxicology expertise – Automated tools Pharos HPD Builder GreenWERCS with GS List Translator Full GreenScreen – Comprehensive review – Can identify safer chemicals – Requires technical expertise such as Licensed Profilers (toxicologists) GreenScreen (GS) Tools Full GreenScreen Assessments Always Trump GS List Translator Results

Maps chemicals on GS specified lists to hazards and overall scores Identifies known “bad actor” chemicals using hazard lists What GreenScreen List Translator Is Provides a quick and useful screen for reviewing formulations Aided by software automation

It does NOT include a full assessment of data It does NOT represent a comprehensive review What the GreenScreen List Translator Is Not A full GreenScreen always trumps results from GreenScreen List Translator It does NOT review transformation products It does NOT identify safer chemicals

Pharos Chemical and Material Library (CML) The Wercs GreenWERCS Automation of the GS List Translator: Software Partners

13 GreenScreen® Assessment 1.Assess and classify hazards 2.Apply the Benchmarks 3. Make informed decisions

GreenScreen Hazard Endpoints italic – not typically in DfE AA Table Human Health Group I Human Health Group II and II* Environmental Toxicity & Fate Physical Hazards CarcinogenicityAcute Toxicity Acute Aquatic Toxicity (3 species) Reactivity Mutagenicity & Genotoxicity Systemic Toxicity & Organ Effects Chronic Aquatic Toxicity (3 species) Flammability Reproductive Toxicity NeurotoxicityOther Ecotoxicity studies when available Developmental Toxicity Skin Sensitization Persistence Respiratory Sensitization Endocrine ActivitySkin IrritationBioaccumulation Eye Irritation

Assess & Classify Hazards Literature review Test Data Analogs/Surrogates Q/SAR Models Hazard Lists

Step 1: Populate Hazard Summary Table Level of Confidence: Bold = High confidence Italics = Low confidence Green Screen Hazard Ratings Group I HumanGroup II and II* HumanEcotoxFatePhysical Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Reproductive Toxicity Developmental Toxicity Endocrine Activity Acute Toxicity Systemic Toxicity Neurotoxicity Skin Sensitization* Respiratory Sensitization* Skin Irritation Eye Irritation Acute Aquatic Toxicity Chronic Aquatic Toxicity Persistence Bioaccumulation Reactivity Flammability single repeated * single repeated * ** LLLMMLLLvHHLDGLLHHvLLML

Step 2: Apply GreenScreen Benchmarks  Aligned with Regulatory Drivers Benchmark U = Undetermined due to insufficient data

Step 3: Make Informed Decisions Simple integer score (1-4) supports taking action Drives adoption of preferred materials Drives innovation of new materials Benchmark U = Undetermined due to insufficient data

GreenScreen Inside 1.State Regulations 2.Alternatives Assessment 3.Materials Procurement 4.Product Development 5. Corporate Policies 6.Software Tools 7.Standards, Scorecards and Ecolabels

Summary of GS GreenScreen for Safer Chemicals  Method for Chemical Hazard Assessment  Use to evaluate individual chemical hazards & assess alternatives  Evaluates chemicals in materials and products  Supports range of activities from product design, development, procurement, alternatives assessment, regulations, standards and ecolabels

“The more you know about what you are putting into your products, the more likely you are to make better choices in product development” Jonathan Plisco, PolyOne 21