1. U.S. EPA Design for the Environment (DfE) Program WERCS June 9-11, 2009 Melanie Vrabel, U.S. EPA

2. 2 Presentation Outline DfE Program Overview DfE Product Recognition – Overview and Purpose – OPPT Tools and Expertise – Continuum of Improvement – What does the logo mean? – Industry Partners CleanGredients™ – Overview and Purpose – DfE Screens for Safer Chemicals

3. 3 Green Chemistry Informed Substitution OPPT technical tools and expertise Multi-stakeholder participation DfE Principles

4. 4 DfE – Informing Substitution to Safer Alternatives Labeling of Safer Products Alternatives Analysis – Flame Retardants Furniture Foam Printed Circuit Boards – Alternatives to Lead Solder in Electronics – Nano-Enabled Batteries for Electric Vehicles Best Practices for Protection of Workers and Communities – Auto Refinishing – Insulation Foam

5. 5 Furniture Flame Retardants Partnership Alternatives Assessment Predominant flame retardant (pentaBDE) was being found increasingly in human tissue, breast milk and the environment. – PentaBDE was phased-out at the end of 2004. – Need for fire safety will likely increase based on planned national standards. – Decision-making for alternatives to this 19 million pound per year chemical. The Report – Provides data to inform industry. – Summary assessments of chemicals in flame retardant formulations. – Detailed hazard reviews.

6. 6 Furniture Flame Retardants Partnership Alternatives Report Potential Exposure Ecotoxicity Hazard Concern Human Health Hazard Concern Environmental Hazard Concern Chart is valued by industry as a decision-making tool

7. 7 DfE Safer Product Labeling Cleaning products Household Industrial and Institutional Direct release, car-wash, boat wash, graffiti removers, etc… Biological-based Products Holding tank treatments Bioremediation products Deicers Aircraft conversion coatings Industrial Coatings Inks Odor Removal Field Paint Tire balancing liquid

8. 8 DfE Safer Product Labeling Program 2005 2006 2007 2008 DfE is on track to reduce the use of more than 560 million pounds of chemicals of concern in 2009

9. 9 Continuous Improvement: As innovation occurs, continuum may shift Of Concern Improved Sustainable Characteristics of Ingredient of Concern Characteristics of Improved Ingredient Characteristics of Sustainable Ingredient Continuum of Improvement Formula Ingredient by Functional Class

10. 10 Review – 3 Basic Components 1) Review every ingredient by functional use class To promote green chemistry To understand toxicity -Literature -Analogous chemicals – SAR 2) Review formulation as a whole Synergistic effects pH Performance testing 3) Partnership Agreement

11. 11 Steps to Becoming a DfE Partner

12. 12 DfE-Qualified Third-Parties Ensure DfE can Meet Demand Offer Choice Bring Excellent Technical Qualifications and Reputations NSF Teresa McGrath: tmcgrath@nsf.org, 651 493-4247 ToxServices Dr. Ann Marie Gebhart: amgebhart@toxservices.com, 202-429-8794 Third-Party Profilers

13. 13 Screens for Safer Ingredients General Screen for Safer Ingredients – Overarching Environmental and Human Health Screen (Completed in January of 2009) Functional Class Screens – Surfactants– Complete – Solvents – Complete – Fragrances– Summer 2009 – Chelants– Summer 2009 – Polymers– Summer 2009 – Others– TBD

14. 14 CleanGredients™ - Marketplace for Green Chemistry Ingredients Leverages EPA green chemistry expertise and tools CleanGredients™ is a marketplace… – for suppliers to showcase safer chemical ingredients for cleaning products, and – for formulators to find those ingredients. CleanGredients™ is at the intersection of safer chemistry and high performance ingredients DfE Screens for Safer Chemical Ingredients – Defined for functional classes of ingredients (e.g. surfactants, solvents) – Chemicals that are acceptable under the DfE Product Recognition Program

15. 15 CleanGredients™ - Marketplace for Green Chemistry Ingredients Multi-stakeholder development – More than 800 stakeholders – Technical Committees define modules for safer functional ingredient classes 15-30 organizations typically represented on each Technical Committee Expertise in formulary chemistry and toxicology Formulators, chemical suppliers, NGOs, and Government Steering Committee overseas project development Akzo Nobel BASF Consumer Specialty Products Association Corporate Express Dow Chemical EPA DfE Green Blue Institute International Sanitary Supply Association Investor Environmental Health Network NSF International Reckitt Benckiser SYSCO

16. 16 DfE Screen for Surfactants Safer surfactants degrade quickly to low toxicity degradates. Acute Aquatic Toxicity (L/E/IC50 Value) Rate of Biodegradation ≤1 ppm May be acceptable if biodegradation 1 occurs within a 10-day window >1 ppm and ≤10 ppmBiodegradation 1 occurs within a 10-day window >10 ppm Biodegradation 1 occurs within 28 days without products of concern 2 1 Generally, >60% mineralization (to CO2 and water) in 28 days. 2 Products of concern are compounds with high acute aquatic toxicity (L/E/IC50 ≤ 10ppm) and a slow rate of biodegradation (greater than 28 days).

17. 17 Screen for Direct Release Products Acute Aquatic Toxicity Value (L/E/IC50) Persistence (Measured in terms of rate of biodegradation) Status ≤1 ppm Not acceptable >1 ppm and ≤10 ppm Biodegradation must occur within a 10-day window without products of concern Could be improved >10 ppm and <100 ppm Biodegradation occurs within 28 days without products of concern Could be improved Biodegradation occurs within a 10- day window without products of concern Acceptable ≥100 ppm Biodegradation occurs within 28 days without products of concern Acceptable

18. 18 DfE Screen for Solvents PHASE I SOLVENT CLASSES Alcohols Esters Ethylene Glycol Ethers (EGEs) Propylene Glycol Ethers (PGEs) ATTRIBUTES OF CONCERN FOR PHASE I SOLVENTS Carcinogenicity Neurotoxicity Acute Mammalian Toxicity Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Repeated-Dose Toxicity Environmental Fate and Toxicity Safer solvents demonstrate low impacts to human health and the environment.

19. 19 CleanGredients™ Search by Performance/P-Chem/Tox Properties

20. 20 CleanGredients™ Search Results

21. 21 Contact Information Melanie Vrabel vrabel.melanie@epa.gov 202-564-1843 http://www.epa.gov/dfe