Postcolonialism 3 Issues of Nation and Globalization: 台灣奇蹟 as an example

Post-Colonialism: Major Issues 1. Colonialisms Definition cultural Imperialism: Theories & Examples 2. Post-Colonialism: Resistance and Immigration A. Resisting colonialism/Constructing postcolonial identities through Language, History and Identity Construction Strategies: Separatism (Nativism), Re- Creation, Cultural Syncreticism, Mimicry, Active participation, Assimilation. examples B. Nation & Globalization

Central Issues: What does it mean to wear Levis jeans, watch Disney channel, imitate Japanese stars, and eat at the MacDonald's? Does it matter if we don't have Taiwanese films, Taiwanese songs, or Taiwanese culture?

Causes of Globalization General Conditions: 1. Global environmental issues and network. (e.g. pollutants, ozone layer, computer viruses.) – not considered here. 2. Improvement in telecommunications and transportation; 3. hyper mobility of the capital and people.

Causes of Globalization 1. Globalization of economic relations Multinational capitalism: the increase of multinational and transnational corporations; Various trade unions Global shift: New International Division of Labor (e.g. emigration of Taiwanese factories.) Globalization of markets for consumer goods. The disadvantaged: the state and workers

Causes of Globalization (2) 2. Globalization of culture Global markets of commodities e.g. 1: Media culture (e.g. Hollywood films, MTV channel, CNN, BBC, etc.) e.g. 2: Food cultures: MacDonald ’ s, pizza, Japanese curries, chain stores.

Globalization as cultural imperialism? Cultural Imperialism argument --the dominance, worldwide, of a standardized, 'homogenized' consumer culture, emanating from western (and particularly North American) capitalism, represents a form of global cultural regulation. Basic thesis: certain dominant cultures threaten to overwhelm other more vulnerable ones. e.g. America over Europe,"the West over the Rest," the core over the periphery, capitalism over more or less everyone.

Globalization as cultural imperialism? Counter-Argument by John Tomlinson ‘ s 《文化帝 國主義》 1. not predominantly American culture; instead, we have a 'web' which enmeshes and binds all cultures. Against protectionism. 2. The dominant culture as "the 'distanciated' influences" which order our everyday lives; the viewers may receive dominant culture differently. 3. patterns of TV viewing--a. 'primetime' scheduled for local shows; b. imports operate at a 'cultural discount'

Globalization as cultural imperialism? Taiwan ’ s situation 1. not predominantly American culture; instead, we have different kinds of “ dominant cultures ” : the American, the Japanese and, to a lesser degree, the Korean. 2. Do the viewers receive dominant culture differently? 'primetime' not always scheduled for local shows; imports tend to create fads.

台灣奇蹟 Taiwanese culture criticized. Taiwanization abstracted as a worldwide phenomenon. Taiwan island missed — the need for a sense of location and commitment.

台灣奇蹟 1: Taiwanese culture criticized 1. Opportunism of Taiwanese: e.g. stock, underground business and lottery pp. 136; 138; 141 賭場社會 Illegality: 地攤 155; Sex industry p. 159; political corruption and rhetoric pp. 139; Taiwanization as a virus infection pp

台灣奇蹟 2: Taiwanization as a worldwide phenomenon 1. Early development: exportation; migration pp Possible causes: pp Definition of Taiwanization: 1. Blurring of boundaries: pp. 149, forgetfulness and fast pace p ; 4. Global warming p Extreme of globalization: totalitarianism p. 168

台灣奇蹟 3: Taiwan Island missed 1. 台灣 redefined p. 178 different from 台灣 化 or Taiwan experience.

Globalization: Consequences Re-arrangements of power relations on a global scales with multiple cores and peripheries. Power relations: Locals globalized locals cosmopolitans (determined by modes of transport more than by means of production) Flexible citizenship and communities (residential, urban, regional, national, etc.); the importance of a sense of “ glocality ”