2. a language spoken internationally which is learned by many people as a second language. It is characterized by the No. of its speakers (Native or second language speakers), but its geographical distribution, international organizations and diplomatic relations. In this respect, major world language are dominated by language of European origin. The historical reason for this is the period of expansionist European imperialism and colonialism.

3. English has over 1.8 billion users world wide. Arabic has its historical reason in the medieval Islamic conquests. -Arabization of the Middle East and North Africa. Standard Chinese in far East Asia. Russian in Russian Empire and the Soviet union, central and Eastern Europe, and Northern and central Asia which were formally part of the Soviet union. German in much of central and Eastern Europe, and the international scientific community.

4. The future of the English as a global language Factors that influence language change and / or language shift: 1.Economic developments. 2.Technological innovations. 3.History. 4.Demographical mobility. 5.material circumstances. 6.Identity.

5. The spread of the English language around the world: Historical factors: Spread of the British Empire ( colonial developments in America, Australia, Asia and Africa. Germany detects in the world war 2. The foundation of the league of Nations ( now U N ).

6. Socio- cultural factors: Independence of former British colonies and the adoption, by these, of English as an official language. Industrial revolution. ( Scientific publishing, instructional material for the new inventions, emigration of Briton, immigration of scientists from outside Britain ).

7. Access to knowledge: Popularization of the American culture and its influence in the world Economic factors: The rise of the U.S.A as a world leading economy. The creation of the world Bank with great involvement of the U.S.A

8. Working language of international organizations and conferences (e.g. commonwealth, council of Europe, European union, NATO Scientific publication. International banking, economic affairs and trade. Advertising of global brands. Audio- visual cultural products. International tourism. Relay language in international communication.

9. Regional Lingua Franca is used in regional economic blocks instead of English. Decline of English importance in technology transfer. Antagonism towards the English language. English does not fit the desires for expression of identity of speakers of other language. English becomes the language of international relations only.