Investigating Matter Chapter 11 Fig. 9.3

Physical Properties of the Elements Metals good conductors of heat and electricity shiny, ductile, malleable all solids with one exception Nonmetals poor conductors dull appearance, brittle consist of solids, liquids, and gases

Chemical Definitions Metal – an element whose atoms tend to lose electrons in a chemical reaction Na → Na+ + e- Ca → Ca2+ + 2e- Nonmetal – an element whose atoms tend to gain Cl + e- → Cl- S + 2e- → S2-

Fig 11.24 Size of Atoms

Alkali Earth Metal Fig 11.25 Noble Gas Halogen Alkali Metal Period Chalcogens Group Transition metals Inner transition metals

Molecules do not contain metals!! Molecule - two or more atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical bonds Form from nonmetals H2 H2O NH3 CH4 Molecules do not contain metals!!

The ionic compound NaCl Ionic compounds consist of a combination of positive and negative ions Form from metals and nonmetals The ionic compound NaCl No molecules in an ionic compound!!

Reaction of Sodium Metal with Chlorine Gas Chlorine (Cl2)

Reaction of Sodium Metal with Chlorine Gas 2Na + Cl2 → 2 NaCl

Sodium Chloride Crystals Fig. 9.7 Sodium Chloride Crystals