Business Plans for Technology Entrepreneurs Eric Cooper November 2001
Outline " Why write a business plan? " Who reads it? " How do they read it? " What should be in it? " Where can you get more help?
Why Write a Business Plan? " Clarify your business model and strategy " Identify and prioritize what you need to succeed " Plan ahead " Schedule resources efficiently " Explain the business to others...
Who Reads It? " You; your senior team; your advisors; your Board of Directors " Document your evolving strategy " Stay on the same page " Smooth management transitions
Who Reads It? " Investors " Employees " Strategic partners " Early customers
How Investors Read Plans " Kinds of private investors " family and friends " angels " venture capitalists " strategic investors (other companies) " Differing motivations!
How Investors Read Plans " Venture Capitalists are financial investors " The crux of all financial decisions: risk versus reward
Risks Technology riskWill the product work? Market riskWill people want to buy it? Competitive riskWill another company eat your lunch? Execution riskWill you screw up?
Rewards " Revenue growth " Profitability growth " Market share growth " Exit strategy " IPO (initial public offering) " acquisition
What Does a Plan Look Like? " Executive Summary (I read this second) " Company Description " Market " Competition " Operations " Management Team (I read this first) " Financial Projections
Executive Summary " The elevator pitch " What will you sell? " Who will buy it? " Why will they buy it from you? " How much money do you need?
Company Description " Product or service offering " Development status " Number of employees " Facilities " Summary financial status
The Market " Define your market narrowly and precisely " Don't project 1% of a zillion dollar market " Understand what consitutes a complete solution " Read Geoffrey Moore's Crossing the Chasm on the technology adoption life cycle
Competition " Who are the competitors? " What are their strengths and weaknesses? " What are your proprietary advantages and barriers to entry?
Operations " Engineering " Manufacturing " Marketing " Sales " Business Development " Finance and Administration
Management Team " Why will this team succeed? " Short bios, not full resumes " Emphasize relevant experience " It's OK if your team is incomplete
Financial Projections " Historical (if any) and pro forma " Income (profit & loss) statement " Balance sheet " Quarterly for three years is customary " Of course, this will usually be bogus
Financial Projections " How long will this round of cash last? " How much cash is needed to reach key milestones? " product demo " product revenue " break even point
Resources " Other entrepreneurs " Pittsburgh Technology Council " EnterPrize competition " " Entrepreneurship center in GSIA " " Random web pages
Questions & Answers