Teaching Strategies Teachers use a numerous amount of different strategies to help learners retain information. In this presentation, I am going to introduce several different models of learning and then go into detail about advanced organizers which fall into the category of information-processing models.

Models Of Teaching Information- Processing Model Inductive Thinking Concept Attainment The Picture-Word Inductive Model Scientific Inquiry Inquiry Training Mnemonics Synectics Advanced Organizers Social Models Partners In Learning Positive Interdependence Structured Inquiry Group Investigation Role Playing Jurisprudential Inquiry Personal Models Nondirective Teaching Enhancing Self- Esteem Behavioral Models Mastery Learning Direct Instruction Simulation Social Learning Programmed Schedule

Inductive Thinking Major Elements Data Collection and Presentation Examining DataClassifying Building a Hypotheses and Generating Skills

Synectics Major Elements Description of Present Condition Direct Analogy Personal Analogy Compressed Conflict Direct Analogy Reexamination of the Original Task

Concept Attainment Major Elements Presentation of Data and Identification of Concepts Testing Attainment of the Concept Analysis of Thinking Strategies

Scientific Inquiry and Inquiry Training Major Elements Area of Investigation is posed to students Students Structure the Problem Students Identify the Problem Students Speculate Ways to clear up the Difficulties

Mnemonics Major Elements Attending to the Material Use techniques of underlining, listing, reflection Developing Connections Make Material familiar and develop connections using keyword, substitute-word, and link-word system techniques Expanding Sensory Images Use techniques of ridiculous association and exaggeration. Revise images Practicing Recall Practice recalling the material Until it is completely learned.

Picture-Word Inductive Model Major Elements Large Photograph For Generating Words and Sentences Individual Sets of Cards Students Classify the Words Then Students Build Sentences Read Review the Picture-word Chart Students Hear the Words Pronounced Correctly Students Hear the Words Spelled Correctly

Advanced Organizers Major Elements Phase One: Presentation of Advanced Organizer Phase Two: Presentation of Learning Task or Material Phase Three: Strengthening Cognitive Organization

Advanced Organizers

Three Phases  Phase One: Presentation of Advanced Organizer Presentation of Advanced Organizer  Phase Two: Presentation of Learning Task Presentation of Learning Task  Phase Three: Strengthening Cognitive Organization Strengthening Cognitive Organization

Phase One: Presentation of Advanced Organizers Clarify aims of the lesson Clarify aims of the lesson Present Organizer: Present Organizer: Identify Defining Attributes Give Examples Provide Context Repeat Prompt awareness of learner’s relevant knowledge and experience Prompt awareness of learner’s relevant knowledge and experience

Phase Two: Presentation of Learning Task or Material Present Material- Use Lectures, Discussions, Films, Experiments, and Reading. Present Material- Use Lectures, Discussions, Films, Experiments, and Reading. Maintain Attention Maintain Attention Make Organization explicit Make Organization explicit Make Logical Order of Learning Material Explicit Make Logical Order of Learning Material Explicit

Phase Three: Strengthening Cognitive Organization Use Principles of Integrative Reconciliation Use Principles of Integrative Reconciliation Remind Students of the Larger Picture Ask for a Summary Repeat Definitions Ask for Differences Ask How Learning Material Supports the Concept Promote Active Reception Learning Promote Active Reception Learning Ask How New Material Relates to the Organizer Ask For Additional Examples Ask Students to use Their Own Terminology to Verbalize essence of Material Ask Students to Examine Material by Looking at Other Points of Views Elicit Critical Approach to Subject Matter Elicit Critical Approach to Subject Matter Clarify Clarify