Ralph Santitoro Carrier Ethernet Market Development Packet Optical Networking for LTE Cell Tower Backhaul

May 18, 2011 Current landscape Many, if not most, backhaul deployments use SONET Using Multi-Service Provisioning Platforms (MSPP) SONET delivered via MSPPs well served cell tower backhaul providers for a long time Reliable Secure Provides guaranteed bandwidth Efficiently supports T1s (predominant circuit type requiring backhaul) Supports Ethernet, albeit inefficiently 2 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications  this is where the problem lies

May 18, 2011 Ethernet over SONET (EoS) for Backhaul Why use it ? Many different implementations of Ethernet Transport Switched (Connectionless) Ethernet Ethernet over MPLS Ethernet over SONET Connection-Oriented Ethernet Each implementation varies significantly in: QoS Performance (packet latency, loss) Network Availability (protected / unprotected transport) Bandwidth Assurances (statistical versus guaranteed) Network Security (number of vulnerabilities) EoS used because it is the safe choice… It just works ! 3 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

May 18, 2011 Mobile Backhaul Technology Migration Keep 2G traffic on TDM No traffic growth so T1 MRC is flat High growth 3G and emerging LTE traffic High bandwidth cell site base stations upgrade to Ethernet Ethernet over SONET on MSPPs not efficient for packet-centric traffic How do you evolve this to a more efficient technology? 4 Connection-Oriented Ethernet for Efficient Cell Tower Backhaul. (c) Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications. Time Bandwidth Voice + 2G Data 3G/4G Data 3G LTE Ethernet T1s 2G T1s Mobile Switching Center SONET Backhaul Network Ethernet over SONET  ??

May 18, 2011 Packet Optical Networking Packet Optical Networking provides the integration of Packet: Connection-Oriented Ethernet Optical Transport: SONET, ROADM, WDM, OTN Packet Optical Networking: Reliable Secure Provides guaranteed bandwidth Efficiently supports T1s (predominant circuit type requiring backhaul) Efficiently supports Ethernet for high-growth packet centric data Packet Optical Networking Platforms (P-ONP) Enable 3G/LTE high growth data services to be efficiently backhauled over existing SONET infrastructure While facilitating migration to packet-centric infrastructure 5 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

Ethernet over SONET challenges and how Packet Optical Networking addresses them

May 18, 2011 Ethernet over SONET (EoS) Challenges using Multi-Service Provisioning Platforms (MSPPs) EoS doesn’t support aggregation EoS is a port-based transport with no service multiplexing Ethernet switch added for aggregation EoS bandwidth dictated by SONET Container Size EoS bandwidth available in only 50Mbps STS increments Other bandwidth rates waste SONET bandwidth SONET MSPP Eth MSPP Eth MSPP 50Mbps SONET VCG 40Mbps wasted 10Mbps EVC 50Mbps SONET VCG 30Mbps wasted 20Mbps EVC 50Mbps SONET VCG 30Mbps wasted 20Mbps EVC 150Mbps of SONET BW required for only 50Mbps of EVC BW MSC 7 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

May 18, 2011 COE over SONET on Fujitsu’s Packet Optical Networking Platforms (P-ONP) COE supports aggregation Aggregates EVCs onto higher speed Ethernet port COE aggregates EVCs onto same SONET VCG Can achieve up to 100% bandwidth utilization COE over SONET P-ONP Eth P-ONP Eth P-ONP 50Mbps 20Mbps EVC 10Mbps EVC More Service Revenue and Higher Margins using Existing Assets MSC 8 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

May 18, 2011 Cell Tower Backhaul Evolution From SONET to Ethernet using COE FMO Step 1: Add P-ONP with COE over SONET to increase BW efficiency FMO Step 1: Add P-ONP with COE over SONET to increase BW efficiency FMO Step 2: Begin Migration to Ethernet over Fiber (EoF) network. Existing services unaffected FMO Step 2: Begin Migration to Ethernet over Fiber (EoF) network. Existing services unaffected Cell tower  MSC 2G/3G 3G/LTE PMO: SONET T1s MSPP at MSC TDM SONET MSPP at Cell Site Ethernet EoS SONET Ethernet COE TDM 2G/3G 3G/LTE T1s P-ONP at MSC P-ONP at Cell Site Each Ethernet service requires a separate SONET VCG EoF Ethernet COE TDM 2G/3G 3G/LTE T1s SONET P-ONP at MSC P-ONP at Cell Site COE muxes Ethernet services onto same SONET VCG Connection-Oriented Ethernet: A No-Nonsense Overview 9 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications Fujitsu’s Packet Optical Networking Platforms facilitate CTBH network evolution while supporting multi-generation 2G/3G/LTE services

Connection-Oriented Ethernet for Efficient, Packet-centric Cell Tower Backhaul

May 18, 2011 Why COE for Cell Tower Backhaul ? Makes Ethernet more like SONET which dominates CTBH networks today Network operations procedures similar to SONET Smoother transition for SONET-trained operations personnel Highly scalable packet-centric technology Meets large scale CTBH connectivity and aggregation requirements COE is supported over any Layer 1 networking technology Key Attributes Guaranteed Bandwidth (CIR) Consistent QoS Performance (Bounded Packet Delay, Packet Loss) High Security 11 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

May 18, 2011 Connection-Oriented Ethernet (COE) FAQs What is COE ? Industry term defining a point-to-point implementation of Carrier Ethernet Tracked by industry analysts for past few years COE technologies have been around for about 10 years What’s the difference between COE and Carrier Ethernet ? COE is a high performance implementation of Carrier Ethernet Are COE implementations based on industry standards ? Implementations utilize MEF, IEEE, IETF and ITU-T standards Plus value added enhancements where standards are nascent What technologies can be used to implement COE? COE can be implemented using Ethernet or MPLS technologies Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications 12

May 18, 2011 COE designed to mimic SONET Makes Ethernet point-to-point Just like SONET circuits Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs) are provisioned across the network Just like SONET circuits Eliminates Ethernet control plane and many layer 2 control protocols Provide 50ms EVC path protection / restoration Just like SONET linear path protection Provide EVC fault management at demarcation points Just like DS1 circuit loopbacks Provides guaranteed bandwidth throughout the network Just like SONET circuits 13 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

May 18, 2011 Different approaches to COE Technology selection depends on the problem you’re trying to solve MPLS-centric COE Static PW T-MPLS Eth MPLS LSP PW Ethernet MPLS Pseudowire (PW) MPLS Label Switched Path (LSP) Ethernet Eth VLAN Tag Switching PBT Ethernet-centric COE BMAC/BVID or C/SVID PBB-TE MPLS-TP Optimized for Multi-Service Transport Three OAM Layers Less optimal for Ethernet service transport Standards Under Development New standards being developed Augmenting MPLS standards Optimized for Ethernet Service Transport One OAM Layer Less optimal for multi-service transport Standardized Now Reuses existing Carrier Ethernet standards, e.g., Service OAM Ethernet Tag Switching Connection-Oriented Ethernet: A No-Nonsense Overview Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications 14 Ethernet-centric COE optimized for Ethernet Transport MPLS-centric COE optimized for Multi-service Transport

May 18, 2011 COE Ecosystem 6 Attributes of Connection-Oriented Ethernet Standardized Services MEF E-Line and E-Access Security No Bridging: MAC DoS attacks mitigated No Bridging: MAC DoS attacks mitigated Completely Layer 2: No IP vulnerabilities Completely Layer 2: No IP vulnerabilities Deterministic QoS Lowest Packet Latency and Loss Bandwidth Resource Reservation Reliability / Availability 50ms EVC/OVC Protection UNI and ENNI Protection Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management EVC/OVC Fault Management Performance Measurements Scalability Layer 2 Aggregation Statistical Multiplexing 15 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications

May 18, 2011 High Availability Ethernet for Cell Tower Backhaul Multi-level Fault Tolerance with Fujitsu Packet Optical Networking  Port protection via Link Aggregation  Link Aggregation across cards  Card protection (active/standby or active/active)  Protected Power, Switch Fabric, etc.  50ms Network Protection via G.8031  Working / Protect EMS/NMS Instances  In-Service System Software Upgrades Port Card Network Element Management NE Software Network Service High Availability CTBH Service  Ethernet Service OAM via 802.1ag and Y.1731 Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications 16

May 18, 2011 COE vs. Ethernet over SONET for LTE Backhaul Key differences summary Attribute COE on P-ONP EoS on MSPP High Security Bounded QoS (latency, loss) 50 ms protection/restoration Ethernet Service OAM No Guaranteed Bandwidth (CIR) through resource reservation (CIR in 1Mbps increments) (CIR in SONET 50Mbps increments) Oversubscribed Bandwidth (EIR) (EIR in 1Mbps increments) No Service Multiplexing and Aggregation No Efficient Bandwidth Utilization No MEF-compliant Services EPL, EVPL, Access EPL, Access EVPL EPL Ethernet Topologies P2P, P2MP (hub & spoke)P2P Packet Optical Transport for LTE. © Copyright 2011 Fujitsu Network Communications 17