Dr. Martin T. Auer MTU Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Units of Concentration (the lingua franca of the field)

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Presentation transcript:

Dr. Martin T. Auer MTU Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Units of Concentration (the lingua franca of the field)

Why concentration? driving force for - mass transport chemical reactions biotic effects  nutrients  toxicity

Metric prefixes … terragram metric ton (megagram) Tg MT 10 3 kilogramkg 10 0 gramg milligrammg microgramµg nannogramng picogrampg femtogramfg

And if that’s not enough … yottagramYg yoctogramyg

Mass concentration units: mass per mass. Onondaga Lake Syracuse, New York

Mass concentration units: mass per mass.

Mass concentration units: mass per volume.

Bioaccumulation: Mass in Fish vs. Mass in Water Onondaga Lake, Syracuse, New York

Mass concentration units: mole per volume. Units of moles (molarity, M) per liter are often used to report concentrations of materials dissolved in water. Gram molecular weight is the mass of a substance, in grams, that numerically equals its molecular weight. The mass of one mole of a substance is its gram molecular weight, e.g. for carbon, C, one mole weighs 12g.

Mass concentration units: mole per volume.

Units of moles (molarity, M) per liter are often used to report concentrations of materials dissolved in water. Gram molecular weight is the mass of a substance, in grams, that numerically equals its molecular weight. The mass of one mole of a substance is its gram molecular weight, e.g. for carbon, C, one mole weighs 12g.

Mass concentration units: mass per volume.

Mass concentration units: mole per volume.

Other types of units: concentration as a common constituent.

Other types of units: particle concentrations.

Other types of units: representation by effect.

Organic Matter. … what’s in here?

Organic Matter. Carbohydrates (sugar and the polymers starch and cellulose) Proteins (polymers of amino acids) Fats ( Fats (formed from glycerol and fatty acids)

Organic Matter. Photosynthesis Respiration also …mineralization oxidation stabilization

Representation by Effect - Organic Matter. Respiration When organic matter is used as a substrate for respiration, … when it is oxidized … when it is mineralized … when it is stabilized it exerts a “biochemical oxygen demand” or BOD.

BOD - Representation by Effect. … impacts on lakes and rivers?