Earth’s Interior & Plate Tectonics Inside the Earth.

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Presentation transcript:

Earth’s Interior & Plate Tectonics

Inside the Earth

The Earth’s Interior

Inner Core Solid Iron & Nickel 5000°C 5150 km deep 1300km thick

Outer Core Liquid Iron & Nickel 2200°-5000°C 2900 km deep 2250 km thick

Mantle Thick liquid Silicon, oxygen, iron & magnesium 870°-2200°C 2900 km thick Moho- boundary between outermost layer and mantle

Crust 3 types of solid rock – igneous, sedimentary, & metamorphic Oxygen & Silicon Oceanic crust 8 km thick-basalt Continental crust 32km thick-granite & basalt

Elements in the Earth’s Crust Oxygen 46.6% Silicon 27.72% Aluminum 8.13% Iron 5.00% Calcium 3.63% Sodium 2.83% Potassium 2.59% Magnesium 2.09% Titanium 0.40% Hydrogen 0.14%

Lithosphere Top most solid part of the earth Broken up into 7 major lithospheric plates

Plates

Plate Tectonics

Theory of Continental Drift 1900’s Alfred Wegener proposed that the earth used to be one giant landmass that split to form today’s continents

Fossil Evidence Fossils support Wegener’s theory. Glossopteris Mesosaurus Lystrosaurus Cynognathus

Rock Evidence Glacial Deposits Folded Mountains Coal Deposits

Convection Cells

Boiling Water

Ocean-Floor Spreading

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