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 What is our  underlying philosophy ?  How are we  vertically integrated ?  Bottom-up  Community –based / village-based  Value farmer knowledge, knowledge of place, traditional ecological knowledge.  Social action group created.  Holistic, participatory  Health, education, agriculture not separate functions, part of each other.  Local community empowered.  Farmer-driven.  Village chief and elders first level of involvement.  Village women’s association major role.  Vertical integration with local school system.  Coordinated with national ag research organization and host country university Gap Diagram

 What do we know that works in these specific cultures?  To what do we need to pay attention? 4-Way Matrix

 US / European business models  Electronics  Not physical, face-to-face communication  Not including the chief and elders in process  Written reports and record keeping Gap Diagram

 Who are the actors with the Center?  IER, l’Institut d’Economie Rurale, Mali national agricultural research organization  IPR/IFRA, l’Institut Polytechnique Rurale et Institut Formation Recherches Appliquee, Mali national agricultural university  US universities  Tribal college (Montana) Actors and IncubatorsMontana externs

 At time of design (2004)  At time of Launching (2007)  Now, at time of Hatching (2009)

 IER, National Agricultural Research Organization of Mali  IPR/IFRA, National Agricultural University  ENI, National Engineering University  US Universities and Tribal College  Faculty  Students

 Select 7 trainees  Begin English/graduate program  Obtain basic training in holistic / participatory / Farmer First process  Complete graduate program, village-based M.S. thesis  Launch Incubator Center / individual, village- based incubators

Mutualistic collaboration farmers, the Mali Incubator Center, US university faculty/students  Six incubators are in various stages of development and progressing toward “hatching” Mutualistic collaboration US / Malian Schools of Engineering - faculty/students, the Mali Agricultural Business Entrepreneurial Incubator Center Actors and Incubators

 Certified Disease-Free Seed Potato Incubator  Sustainable Cooling System Incubator  Longterm Cowpea Storage Incubator  Malaria Handicrafts Incubator Malaria HandicraftsSeed PotatoCowpeas

BORKO SEED POTATOESSUSTAINABLE COOLER  2,000 farmers in seed potato production  5 Cool storage providers  20 providing transportation assistance  200,000 farmers in table potatoes  Faculty / students  Metalsmiths  Cool storage providers

COWPEA INCUBATOR MALARIA HANDICRAFT INCUBATOR  1,000 in Sanambele  5 entrepreneurs  23 women in Sanambele  1,000 potential persons receive benefit in village  Eventually 12 neighboring villages can receive benefit, ca. 12,000 persons.

COSTS TOTAL NUMBER FARMERS /OTHERS BENEFITTING  Training Center members Training $400,000 (USAID-HED); $99,000 (Montana State Univ.)  Launching University programs/Incubators $250,000 + $300,000 + $462,000  All of these funds were officially matched 1:1  Additional match has been documented.  Hatching, Self-Sufficiency proposal  202,000 X 6 = 1,212,000 Farmers/ Villagers or $2.20 per farmer/villager  200 new Malian university graduates  35 non-village entrepreneurs

BENEFITS TO INCUBATORS BENEFITS TO U.S. UNIVERSITIES  No cost expertise  Training  Lifetime collaborators  Support for the Quiet Revolution in International issues  Awards (campus-wide and national) to faculty and students at all partner universities and tribal college Discovery-based flow chart Mutualist DiagramMontana ExternsUST externs

 Kenya, Khesara District, Bozeman Engineers without Borders  Pakistan schools for village girls and boys  Bangledesh Grameen Bank and other countries’ village-based, women-based microfinance systems

 Lessons learned  What would we do differently next time?

 Revenues coming in  Benefits to local businesses  Integration of research and development  How would we scale up?

 Local ideas  Local issues  Local volunteers/entrepreneurs  Think holistically  Foreigners exit fast