How to retrofit apartment blocks? Evidence-based solutions to support urban planning and retrofit projects STACCATO IN SOFIA ACHIEVEMENTS AND LESSONS LEARNT ( bottlenecks of bureaucracy and regulations or missing regulations ) Sofia, District Oborishte BUDAPEST 2-3, OCT. 2014

Sustainable Technologies And Combined Community Approaches Take Off Original targets:  Аmsterdam Noord, Nl dwellings  Obuda, Budapest, Hu, 986 dwellings  Oborishte, Sofia, Bg dwellings

5 prefabricated blocks of flats – 35 years old; 400 apartments, bad quality and no comfort, low energy efficiency Preparation Initial project concept Information campaign (more than 10 meetings in )-letters, brochures, leaflets about the project and its expected results Presentations with experience and good practices from other success stories in Sofia (BHA), analysis of the Housing Law, attempts for housing association creation (prerequisite for access to EU and other Funds and loans) CHALLENGE 1 – sites, types of buildings Redirection to monolith old multi-apartment houses

 Housing Law –renovation at 67% consensus among owners. In fact the practice is – 100%. Should be changed to 51 % as it is the case in many EU countries.  Institutionalization - housing associations not yet popular  No State or Municipal Funds in support of RE and EE  Financial institutions are passive and have no enhancing policies for RE and EE  Co-financing for VAT for investment costs in EC projects realization – difficult when no planned budget is in place. CHALLENGE 2 - Legal and financial restrictions

 Oborishte created database with multi-apartment buildings with consensus among owners and decision taken for renovation in 2008  Long waiting list of 138 buildings interested to be included in renovation projects of MRD/UNDP and/or STACCATO, or others  4 buildings participate in the competition of the MRD/UNDP in 2009  4 selected for renovation with state subsidy 75% in order to become eligible (be provided with the needed co-financing), with STACCATO supporting solar thermal collectors  In 2010 – proposed kindergarten No. 60 to be included in the project (municipal budget for EE - walls and windows)  Cherkovna 75 – energy efficient renovation with private funds of the owners: rents from common space, credit (REECL), consumers’ loan  In search for other municipal buildings –  Investigation the potentials of University Hospital ISUL Solutions – selection of alternative building types

 ESCO – for residential buildings: not attractive for investor? Initial concept: renovation by ENEMONA, an Energy Service Company  No State or Municipal subsidies in place to provide co-finance 65%  Agreement with the Demonstration project for housing renovation MRP and UNDP – for the first 3 pilot residential buildings  Kindergarten No 60 and hospital ISUL – municipal budget co- financed their renovation  Cherkovna 75 – private resources of the owners, credits, loans, rents from common parts of the building CHALLENGE 3 – co-financing CHALLENGE 4 – shifts from initial project concepts  risky, time consuming, uncertain

Period Aleko Konstantinov 2 16 fully renovated apts m2 solar collectors

Period Asen Zlatarov fully renovate apts m2 solar collectors

Period Chataldja fully renovated apts m2 solar collectors

Renovated Kindergarten No 60 and construction of a new wing m2 solar collectors Energy saving measures: insulation on walls, window frameworks, solar collectors on roof for hot water and swimming pool for the children. Independent heating – oil/petrol. Provisional results: energy savings of ca. 60% 2012 (vs. 2008) Period

Period Cherkovna 75 Fully renovated, 19 apts m2 solar collectors

Solar collectors – domestic hot water ТЕЦ STACCATO concept More than 50% energy savings for hot water H2O Sub heating station for the building Solar collector Coiled heat exchangers Antifreezing, non-poisonpus, heat-conducting solutioin (prilen glycol) Hot water for all dwellings … Water supply Central heating central

42,8 % 53,1% 55,8% Observed climate data: Heating degree days (HDD) for 2008: 2361 compared to HDD for 2013: 2430 Reduction of energy consumption in kWh/y in the 3 pilot buildings

Savings:  About 50% reduced energy bills.  Adjusted baseline - 30% higher than the energy consumption of the buildings.  Payback period of investment in energy-saving measures years and after that are economized about 50 Eur/ month heating.  Reduced bills for heating and electricity in the range of 40-70%.  Reduction of 2/3 of the original energy consumption Tax exemption for a period of 5-7 (class A and B) and 10 years for owners of renovated buildings with RES. Expected results in residential buildings

A great potential for energy savings and energy management S election of Hospital ISUL  University Hospital "Queen Joanna - ISUL" - opened in The hospital performs diagnostic treatment, teaching, scientific, expert and advisory activities.  429 beds, annually treated over 20,000 patients, staff of 992.  Complex: over 30,000 m2 total heated area.  Costs of thermal energy for heating and hot water in ISUL for 2013 Eur 125,000 Eur  Annual electricity costs of the hospital / year exceed Eur 250,000.

 106 solar panels with absorber active area m2.  13,500 liters of buffer boilers  Integration with existing substations of the hospital  3 year free maintenance  Expected annual savings of 154,000 kWh of heating energy, or Eur 7,000 EUR  Carbon dioxide emission  reduction 38,03 tonnes/yr. Solar thermal installations for hot water

25 kWp, management system, batteries Photovoltaic system

Roof solar plant  Installed are 105 photovoltaic panels, in total plant capacity 25.2 kWp.  The installation, ‘island type’, provides power to the Hemodialysis Department of the hospital.  The supply continuity is provided by a power management system with storage (gel electrolyte, 548 Ah  Maintenance of the installation for 3 years provided.  Expected effect - annual savings of 49,000 kWh of electricity worth Eur 5,500.  Carbon dioxide emission savings: tonnes/ year.

LED lighting The lights are based on high quality LED technology installed in fixtures designed and constructed in Bulgaria. Five years warranty, reduced costs for maintenance and disposal of disused lamps. For 269 fixtures, 110,000 kWh / year savings expected, Eur 8,000 /yr. Thermostatic radiator valves – about 800 units installed

 Pilot demonstration of innovative technologies – RES  Financial models development and implementation for alleviating the obligations of the owners to contribute with private funds  Interactive model creation among the Municipality, owners, state administration, financial institutions, NGOs and others for housing renovation.  Institionalization –implementation of the Housing Law, creation of ‘home owners associations’, volunteers in support of the renovation and maintenance of common parts of the buildings  Environmental impact – reduction of CO2 emissions.  Methodology and technology of implementation.  Full cycle of renovation operations and pilot demonstration of RES realized. STACCATO – more than energy efficiency

 Expected is an update of the National Strategy for Housing Renovation  Awaited is larger budget for the National Renovation Program (NRP, )  Planned is the creation of a Municipal Fund for Renovation of buildings (after the Hu model)  District Oborishte – has experience and readiness to be a pilot administration for similar future projects (currently 3 buildings from Oborishte are shortlisted under NRP) Project sustainability and continuation