Human Health Biology Review L – Brain parts Identify the major parts of the brain on diagrams or models. Biology Review L – Immune System Explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific and nonspecific immune response, vaccines, and antibiotics.

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Key Vocabulary: cerebrum, cerebellum, frontal lobe, medulla, pons, spinal cord, brain stem, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe

Identify and/or explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific and nonspecific immune responses. Describe how the human immune system responds to vaccines and/or antibiotics.

How does the immune system protect humans from disease? Nonspecific Defenses ▫ Skin ▫ Mucus, saliva, and tears ▫ Fever (Pathogens can only survive in a small temp. range) ▫ Inflammatory Response- The immune system produces millions of white blood cells.  Many white blood cells are phagocytes, which engulf and destroy bacteria. Specific Defenses ▫ Antibody- A protein that binds to molecules on pathogens to inactive the pathogens.  Antibodies attach to and inactivate viral particles that have not yet entered body cells  White blood cells produce antibodies

How does the human immune system respond to vaccines and antibiotics? Vaccines contain a dead or weakened form of the disease causing microorganisms. – This causes the body to produce antibodies and remember the virus Antibiotics- fight bacterial diseases by killing /slowing the growth of bacteria.

Immune System Key Vocabulary: antibiotic, antibody, antigen, communicable disease, pathogen, vaccine, vein, vascular tissue

Biology Review L – Blood Flow Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system. Identify factors that affect blood flow and/or describe how these factors affect blood flow through the cardiovascular system.

How do factors such as genetics, nutrition and behavior affect blood flow through the cardiovascular system? Genetics- People can inherit genes that make them more likely to have cardiovascular disease. Nutrition- Eating healthy foods, low in fat, can reduce your chance of plaque build up (Atheroscelorsis) and heart disease. Behavior- Exercising and making healthy choices (no smoking, etc) reduce your chance of cardiovascular disease. HIGH Blood pressure can result if poor lifestyle choices are made.

Blood Flow Key Vocabulary: anatomy, artery, blood flow, blood pressure, capillaries, cardiovascular system, homeostasis, physiology, vein, vascular tissue

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Biology Review L – Human Reproduction Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system. Describe the process of human development from fertilization to birth and major changes that occur in each trimester of pregnancy Identify and/or describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system. Describe the process of human development from the zygotic stage to the end of the third trimester and birth.

What are the important structures in the female and male reproductive systems and

How do the male and female reproductive systems work together to create a zygote? Meiosis creates gametes in the male and female reproductive systems. – These gametes meet during fertilization and create a zygote. Sperm path: testis  epididymis  vas deferens  urethra Egg path: ovary  fallopian tubes  uterus

How does a human develop from a zygote to a "full term" baby? First Trimester – – Fertilization occurs – Around week 5 heart, brain, and spinal cord develop – At week 8 the embryo is now called a fetus Second Trimester – – Continued development of all organ systems Third Trimester- – Fetus gains weight, turns in the head down position and prepares for birth

Human Reproduction Key Vocabulary: anatomy, fertilization, trimester, zygote, embryo, fetus