POSSIBILITIES FOR EMPLOYMENT, SELF EMPLOYMENT AND BRAIN DRAIN Ivana Kulpinac Crepulja

Unemployment in the world reached a record of 212 million people Unemployment in the world reached a record of 212 million people EU slowly comes out of recession - in the next two years, EU expects economic growth of 1.6% but also increase of the unemployment rate to nearly 11% EU slowly comes out of recession - in the next two years, EU expects economic growth of 1.6% but also increase of the unemployment rate to nearly 11% Now unemployment in the euro-zone, is 10% for the first time since Now unemployment in the euro-zone, is 10% for the first time since Unemployment -World, EU

Unemployment -Republic of Serbia According to official data, in Serbia works less than 1.9 million people. According to official data, in Serbia works less than 1.9 million people. Over 100 thousands are surplus, while the other, according the old census, more than 5 million, are unemployed, pensioners and young people Over 100 thousands are surplus, while the other, according the old census, more than 5 million, are unemployed, pensioners and young people Between 300 thousands and 500 thousands people occasionally work in the "gray zone" Between 300 thousands and 500 thousands people occasionally work in the "gray zone" Research of the Institute for Market Research, conducted on a sample of 200 industrial manufacturers, has shown that a fifth part of respondents planning to reduce the number of employees in the first quarter of this year Research of the Institute for Market Research, conducted on a sample of 200 industrial manufacturers, has shown that a fifth part of respondents planning to reduce the number of employees in the first quarter of this year

Unemployment -Republic of Serbia Employees - annual average Republic of Serbia Employees Employees of enterprises, institutions, cooperatives and other organizations Private entrepreneurs, persons who carry out activities with their employees

Unemployment -Republic of Serbia Employed women Total Employees of enterprises, institutions, cooperatives and other organizations Private entrepreneurs, persons who carry out activities with their employees

- Employment Policy - Employment The high unemployment rate even 17.4% The high unemployment rate even 17.4% But since the beginning of January until the end of March employment increased by But since the beginning of January until the end of March employment increased by 4.8 % compared to the first three months of last year 4.8 % compared to the first three months of last year In that period people is employed In that period people is employed

Employment Policy -state employment policy Ministry of Economy and Regional Development and the Ministry of Labor and Social Policy are involved in project development to combat the informal economy (strengthening the capacity of labor inspection) Ministry of Economy and Regional Development and the Ministry of Labor and Social Policy are involved in project development to combat the informal economy (strengthening the capacity of labor inspection) Incentive measures of the state to prevent employment of people in the informal economy: Incentive measures of the state to prevent employment of people in the informal economy: 1. grant in the amount of 80 thousands to 130 thousands dinars, which are given to employers by the newly established workplace 2. funding contribution for those who employ young people up to 30 years, people with disabilities and older than 45 years of age

Employment Policy -state employment policy Employment Action Plan for predicted three important programs for employment: Employment Action Plan for predicted three important programs for employment: 1. "First Chance" (young people without work experience) 2. Self Employment 3. Program of public works (the most vulnerable categories of population)

Employment Policy -NGO activities Project 1000 Young Leaders of Serbia Project 1000 Young Leaders of Serbia Group for Economic Development Group for Economic Development Development of medium and small enterprises Development of medium and small enterprises SME Project Information Desk (100 new enterprises) SME Project Information Desk (100 new enterprises)

Brain drain Departure of educated young people in the world educational centers and foreign companies Departure of educated young people in the world educational centers and foreign companies The most drastic during the nineties, when, searching for work and a better, safer life, from Serbia left around 300 thousand professionals The most drastic during the nineties, when, searching for work and a better, safer life, from Serbia left around 300 thousand professionals Since to year, from Serbia left over 800 top experts, mostly 283 from the field of Information Science Since to year, from Serbia left over 800 top experts, mostly 283 from the field of Information Science

Brain drain Piotr Kapica said that science of a country is beheaded when it lose from 50 top scientists! Piotr Kapica said that science of a country is beheaded when it lose from 50 top scientists! Today, from Serbia, in one year, leave around 4,000 young high qualified people Today, from Serbia, in one year, leave around 4,000 young high qualified people Education of just one high qualified expert costs about 300 thousand dollars (Conference of Public Employment Services of South Eastern Europe) Education of just one high qualified expert costs about 300 thousand dollars (Conference of Public Employment Services of South Eastern Europe) Since because of brain drain, Serbia lost $ 12 billion dollars on their education! Since because of brain drain, Serbia lost $ 12 billion dollars on their education!

Brain drain South East Europe is trying to make "brain drain" in the "inflow" South East Europe is trying to make "brain drain" in the "inflow" "Brain circulation" - many who go abroad contribute to the economy of their country by sending money to their families "Brain circulation" - many who go abroad contribute to the economy of their country by sending money to their families The joint project between UNESCO and Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) with pilot solutions to alleviate brain drain in the region realized in in several countries of Southeastern Europe: The joint project between UNESCO and Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) with pilot solutions to alleviate brain drain in the region realized in in several countries of Southeastern Europe: 1. Providing resources, including technological and financial resources for different universities, this initiative has enabled young scientists from cooperation within the framework of joint research projects with their fellow-countrymen who live abroad. The project is provided various networking technology universities from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia.

Brain drain Tempus (with the goal of modernization of higher education ) Tempus (with the goal of modernization of higher education ) Scholarships of Erasmus Mundus program Scholarships of Erasmus Mundus program Strengthened the reform of education - the Bologna process Strengthened the reform of education - the Bologna process Scientific visa Scientific visa