Part I – Cities Part II – Comfort of urban life

As we know the first cities were invented by ancient people from Mezopotamia. They built cities – countries of which we can find signs nowadays. The biggest and most popular of them was Babilon, which dates back to the 23rd century B.C. They are the oldest. But… Precolumbian cities

For the development of European civilisation Roman cities were the most important. In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and, until the Tetrarchy (c.296), largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The word province in modern English has its origins in the term used by the Romans.Provinces were generally governed by politicians of senatorial rank, usually former consuls or former praetors Roman city Greek city - Athens

Patter of Roman encampment Patter of city

Roman colonies in Europe

Map of Rome Empire with roads

Map of Polish roads Map of Roman roads

The most important ancietn inventions, which are useful nowdays are:  Bridge  Sewage system  Elevator  Central heating  Fire Station  Restaurants  Groma  Lock and key Roman house Lock and key

Most cities were built near rivers, which were not only the sources of food and water, but also gave them the opportunity to travel. The cities evolved on both sides od rivers, and that was the reason to build bridges. Reconstruction of an ancient bridge Ruins of a bridge

Modern bridges are not only useful, but also beautiful… Bridge in our town - Ostrołęka Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco

The longest bridge in the world – The Grand Bridge The oldest bridge in Poland

Romans knew how to eliminate problems associated with supplying city with water. They built aqueducts -water supply channels, which transported water in lead tubings (which were poisonous for people) from mountains or streams to concentrations of people. Firstly, water was flowing in a natural way, then the Romans elaborated special architectural solutions, so the obstacles were overcome. Nowadays, people benefit from Romans’ achievments – we have a sewage system, which is based on ancient aqeducts. Ancient aquadukts

Faucet sewage treatment plant Well

The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC. In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals. It is assumed that elevators of this type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt.

The fastest planned elevator in the world The fastest elevator now in Taipei

Central heating Fire Station Restaurants Groma And other inventions of Romans and Greek

Teachers: Mrs. I. Gawrych, Ms. M. Łomacz, Ms. J. Sławińska, Mr. W. Wilczek Students: M. Krysiak, M. Krupka, K. Abramczyk