Atomic Structure Topic 3.

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic Structure Topic 3

History John Dalton JJ Thompson Hard sphere model Earliest model No internal structure JJ Thompson Plumb Pudding model + and – charges in nucleus Supported existence of negative particles

Earnest Rutherford Bohr’ model Many scientists Empty space model Small dense nucleus Electrons revolve around nucleus Bohr’ model Electrons in specific orbits Orbits have fixed energy Electron shells Many scientists Wave mechanical (electron cloud) Electrons in orbital Orbital – area an electron is likely to be found

Atomic Structure Atom – basic unit of matter Mostly empty space Composed of much smaller particles Protons (+) in nucleus mass = 1 amu Atomic number Neutrons (o) In nucleus Mass = 1 amu Atomic mass – atomic number = number of neutrons Electrons (-) In orbitals Mass = 1/2000 of proton [1/1836] In a neutral atom = same as number of protons

Nucleus Mass number Small, dense Mass of atom (neutron plus protons) Contains protons and neutrons (nucleons) Nuclear charge is (+) contains protons Mass number Identifies isotopes of the same element neutrons plus protons Total number of nucleons