1. Elements and Atoms

2. Elements and Atoms
What is Matter?

3. Elements and Atoms What is Matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

4. Elements and Atoms What is Matter Made of?
All matter is composed of elements

5. Elements and Atoms What are Elements? The building blocks of matter
They are substances which cannot be broken down into other substances

6. Elements and Atoms What are Elements?
All matter is composed of one element or a combination of two or more elements

7. Elements and Atoms
Elements can exist in combination with other elements as
Mixtures
Compounds

8. Elements and Atoms What is a compound?
A Compound is a pure substance make of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio
Salt – 39.3% sodium and 60.7% chloride

9. Elements and Atoms What is a compound?
A Compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio
Water – H2O

10. Elements and Atoms What is a Mixture?
Two or more substances – elements, compounds, or both – that are in the same place but are not chemically combined
Sand, mixed nuts, air

11. Elements and Atoms
If elements are the simplest forms of matter what is the smallest piece of an element?
Atoms

12. Elements and Atoms What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element
Atoms can join together to form molecules

13. Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
Atoms are composed of particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus

14. Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
Protons carry a positive electrical charge
Electrons carry a negative electrical charge
Neutrons carry no electrical charge at all

15. Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
Protons and neutrons cluster together in the nucleus
The electrons orbit the nucleus

16. Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of?
A particular atom will have the same number of protons and electrons

17. Elements and Atoms Atomic Theory and Models
Atomic Theory is a Scientific Theory
What is a Scientific Theory?
A well tested idea that explains and connects a wide range of observations

18. Elements and Atoms Atomic Theory and Models
Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed as scientists learned more about the nature and characteristics of the atom.

19. Elements and Atoms Dalton’s Model
Dalton thought that atoms were like smooth hard balls that could not be broken into smaller pieces

20. Elements and Atoms Thompson’s Model
Thompson suggested that atoms had negatively charged electrons embedded in a positive sphere

21. Elements and Atoms Rutherford’s Model
According to Rutherford’s model, an atom was mostly empty space. Electrons moved around a small, positively charged nucleus in the center of the atom

22. Elements and Atoms Bohr Model
Neils Bohr suggested that electrons move in specific orbits around the nucleus of an atom

23. Elements and Atoms Cloud Model
According to the cloud model, electrons move rapidly in every direction around the nucleus

24. Elements and Atoms Modern Atomic Model
The nucleus, which contains both protons and neutrons, is surrounded by a cloudlike region of electrons