1. Ch. 6 Notes Atoms and Elements
Headings: YELLOW
Vocabulary: GREEN
Important Stuff: PINK

2. Atomic # Atomic Mass The number of protons
Determines the type of element
Can only be changed with extremely high energy
The total number of protons and neutrons
P + N = mass OF THE ATOM

3. Isotopes Atoms of the same element with a DIFFERENT # OF NEUTRONS!
The protons and electrons haven’t changed

4. Electrons Bohr Model Neutral atoms P = E
Electrons are constantly moving
They move in an electron cloud
Electron cloud: the entire space that electrons occupy
The electron cloud is subdivided into smaller regions CALLED ORBITALS
Bohr Models are used to show the location of electrons in the atom
Bohr Model
2e-
8e-
Up to 18e-
Up to 32e-
Draw this in your notes!

5. Atoms Building Blocks of ALL Matter (ATOMS)!
IF YOU TRY TO BREAK IT APART YOU NO LONGER HAVE A RECOGNIZABLE SUBSTANCE, INSTEAD YOU GET…
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES IN THE ATOM
Protons: POSITIVE CHARGE; IN NUCLEUS
Neutrons: NO CHARGE; IN NUCLEUS
Electrons: NEGATIVE CHARGE; IN ELECTRON CLOUD SURROUNDING THE NUCLEUS

6. Subatomic Particle FACTS
Have mass
Protons and neutron have about the same mass
Electrons have MUCH less mass.
Most of the atom is empty space
What is the overall charge of the nucleus?

7. John Dalton Came up with the ATOMIC THEORY Elements made of atoms
All atoms for one element are the same
Atoms of different element are different
Compounds formed when atoms combine

8. The atom model Has changed over time
Dalton-thought atoms were tiny hard spheres.
Thompson-discovered the electron
Rutherford-added the nucleus to the model
Bohr-electrons move in a fixed orbit around the nucleus
Schrodinger-electron cloud
Create a timeline & illustrate each inventor’s contribution to the model to show how it has changed over time!

9. Carbon Isotopes 12 13 C 14 C C 6 6 6
Isotope Notation

10. Periodic Table List all known elements
All periodic tables are a little different
Can tell us the mass, # of p, n, e, state of matter, symbol, # of outer electrons
Groups: some elements act like other elements; they were placed in groups