Unit 5: Genetics Outcome:  I will investigate how parents pass on genetic information and how it is expressed in offspring by completing a genetics lab and inheritance activity

Genetics Why do you look like you?

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What is genetics?  Heredity: the passing of traits from parents to offspring  Traits are determined by genes

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Traits  distinguishing quality or characteristic  What you see

Phenotype :  Physical expression of genes (it’s what you see)  A phenotype my partner has is ______________.

Genes  Gene – piece of DNA that codes for a trait  Every individual has 2 copies of each gene Is this the karyotype of a male or female? 

Genotype :  Genetic make-up for a particular trait.  Represented by letters

Outcome  I will investigate how parents pass on genetic information and how it is expressed in offspring by completing a genetics lab and inheritance activity

Genetics at Work?

Is this how Genetics works?

Genetics at Work?

Is this how Genetics works?

Allele  Allele – different form of a gene ( brown eyes or blue eyes)  Get one allele from your mother, and one allele from your father

Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles Dominant allele Allele that is expressed and hides the presence of another allele Represent with a capital letter B: dominant b: recessive BB or Bb

Recessive allele Allele that is expressed only when there is another recessive allele Represent with a lowercase letter bb

Practice BB: Bb: bb:  brown eyes  blue eyes Key B: dominant b: recessive

Homozygous Vs. Heterozygous  If both alleles in an individual are the same, they are called homozygous for that trait.  Prefix “Homo” means same  HH  hh  If the 2 alleles in an individual are different, they are called heterozygous for that trait.  Prefix “Hetero” means different  Hh

Outcome  I will investigate how parents pass on genetic information and how it is expressed in offspring by completing a genetics lab and inheritance activity

Directions  Be sure to write down your genotype and phenotype on your paper.  Place a tally in the dominant or recessive box on the color paper at the lab station.  If you have a dominant phenotype you must write both homozygous(BB) and heterozygous(Bb). Recall both display the same trait.

Expectations  10 points—completely on task, no reminders needed  8-9 points—on task, only one or two gentle reminders  6-7 points—not completely professional work ethic, three or four reminders  5 or below—Work incomplete, needed constant reminders to stay on task; distraction to others

Dominant Phenotype # of students in the class with Dominant trait Percent of students with Dominant trait Tongue Roller Bent Pinky Widow’s Peak Straight Thumb Left thumb on top when fold hands Dimples Ability to taste PTC Cleft Chin

Station : To be used next week…  Place filter paper in Petri dish  add 5ml of water  Add 40 tobacco seeds  wrap the Petri dish with parafilm to seal  label sticker with last name (one group member) and period  place in environmental chamber to grow

Tongue Roller Phenotype: Roller Genotype: RR or Rr Dominant Phenotype: Non-roller Genotype: rr Recessive

Bent Pinky Phenotype: Bent pinky Genotype: PP or Pp Dominant Phenotype: Straight pinky Genotype: pp Recessive

Hairline Phenotype: Widow’s Peak Genotype: WW or Ww Dominant Phenotype: Straight hairline Genotype: ww Recessive

Hitch-hiker’s Thumb Phenotype: Straight thumbPhenotype: Hitch-hiker’s Genotype: HH or HhGenotype: hh DominantRecessive

Folded Hands Phenotype: Left thumb on top Genotype: LL or Ll Dominant Phenotype: Right hand on top Genotype: ll Recessive

Dimples Phenotype: Dimples Genotype: DD or Dd Dominant Phenotype: No Dimples Genotype: dd Recessive

Ability to Taste PTC Phenotype: Taster Genotype: TT or Tt Dominant Phenotype: Non-taster Genotype: tt Recessive

Cleft Chin Phenotype: Cleft chin Genotype: CC or Cc Dominant Phenotype: No cleft Genotype: cc Recessive

Dominant doesn’t mean popular!!!