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2.  I recognize that genes carry information which determines traits.

3.  The instructions for a specific trait  Found on one section of DNA  You have a different gene(s) for each of the following traits:  Hair color  Eye color  Hitchhiker’s thumb  Tongue rolling  Height

4.  The different forms of a gene.  Examples:  Hitchhiker’s thumb OR Straight thumb  Can roll tongue OR Can’t roll tongue  Blonde hair OR Black hair OR Brown hair OR Red hair  (Note: One allele comes from each parent.)

5.  Alleles that cover up all other alleles.  Hides, covers, masks, or over-powers  Always shows up when present (it dominates!)  Shown with UPPERCASE letters.  Examples:  H  B  A

6.  Alleles that get covered up by any dominant allele.  Shown with lowercase letters.  Examples:  h  b  a

7.  When both alleles are the SAME  Homo = same  Examples:  HH = homozygous DOMINANT  hh = homozygous RECESSIVE

8.  When both alleles are DIFFERENT  Hetero = different  Examples:  Hh  Qq  Rr

9.  The genes that an organism has (Genotype = Genes)  Represented by letters  Examples:  Hh  BB  tt  Qq

10.  The traits or characteristics of an organism  What it looks like  (Phenotype = Features)  Examples:  Hair color  Eye color  Hitchhiker’s thumb  Tongue rolling  Height

13. (Use the letter “b”) B = brown allele (dominant) b = blue allele (recessive).

14. Brown is dominant to blue. Brad has blue eyes. What is his PHENOTYPE? What is his GENOTYPE?

15. Brown is dominant to blue. PHENOTYPE: blue eyes GENOTYPE: bb

16. Brown is dominant to blue. Justin has brown eyes. What is his PHENOTYPE? What is his GENOTYPE?

17. Brown is dominant to blue. PHENOTYPE: brown eyes GENOTYPE: BB or Bb

19. (use the letter “h”)

20. John has a widow’s peak. What is his PHENOTYPE? What is his GENOTYPE? Widow’s peak is dominant to normal hairline.

21. PHENOTYPE: widow’s peak GENOTYPE: HH or Hh Widow’s peak is dominant to normal hairline.

22. LeBron has a straight hairline. What is his PHENOTYPE? What is his GENOTYPE?

23. Widow’s peak is dominant to normal hairline. PHENOTYPE: straight hairline GENOTYPE: hh

25. (use the letter “f”)

26. Freckles are dominant to no freckles. JLo has no freckles. What is her PHENOTYPE? What is her GENOTYPE?

27. Freckles are dominant to no freckles. PHENOTYPE: no freckles GENOTYPE: ff

28. Freckles are dominant to no freckles. Lindsay has freckles. What is her PHENOTYPE? What is her GENOTYPE?

29. Freckles are dominant to no freckles. PHENOTYPE: freckles GENOTYPE: FF or Ff

31. (use the letter “d”)

32. Polydactyly is dominant to 5 digits. These people have 5 digits. What is the PHENOTYPE? What is the GENOTYPE?

33. Polydactyly is dominant to 5 digits. PHENOTYPE: 5 digits GENOTYPE: dd

34. Polydactyly is dominant to 5 digits These people have Polydactyly. What is the PHENOTYPE? What is the GENOTYPE?

35. Polydactyly is dominant to 5 digits PHENOTYPE: Polydactyly GENOTYPE: Dd or DD

38. Rihanna has brown eyes. What is her PHENOTYPE? What is her GENOTYPE? Brown is dominant to blue.

39. PHENOTYPE: brown eyes GENOTYPE: BB or Bb Brown is dominant to blue.

40. Freckles are dominant to no freckles. What is her PHENOTYPE? What is her GENOTYPE? Lady Gaga has no freckles.

41. Freckles are dominant to no freckles. Lady Gaga has no freckles. PHENOTYPE: no freckles GENOTYPE: ff