Quebec City The History, Culture, and Landmarks Tristan Holbrook

Only city in North America to have the original defensive city walls still standing Only city in North America to have the original defensive city walls still standing Divided into two unofficial parts, the upper City that is atop Cape Diamond or “Cap Diamond”, and the lower city that lies below the cape and also across the river Divided into two unofficial parts, the upper City that is atop Cape Diamond or “Cap Diamond”, and the lower city that lies below the cape and also across the river

Quebec History Samuel de Champlain Quebec settlement in 1608 Jacques Cartier first attempted settlement -unsuccessful due to native resistance and harsh winter conditions Samuel de Champlain tried again successfully in by 1665 there were over 500 people living in the settlement -By 1763 the city was full fledged with over 8,000 residents

British Struggle City was captured by the British in 1759 during the Seven Year War -Expansionist war between the British and the French for new territory -Often called the French and Indian War because of the alliance the French made with many Indian tribes against the British. -France battled the Brits for four years to try and regain control of the city -Battles that ensued were the Battle of Beauport, the Battle of the Fields of Abraham, and the Battle of Sainte Foy. France gave up the city to the British in Decision was made as part of the conditions of the Treaty of Paris -French chose to give up city of Quebec to the British instead of giving up their Caribbean colonies due to their lucrative sugar exports.

Illustration of the death of the British General James Wolfe at their victory at the Battle of the Fields of Abraham The French sign the city of Quebec over to the British in Paris in 1753 The residents of Quebec still honor those lost in the Seven Year War to this day.

Plains of Abraham 1.5 miles long by.5 miles wide and overlooked by the Citadel. Named after Abraham Martin -Fisherman and farmer who used the fields to graze his livestock in the late 1500s and early 1600s. Made famous by the “Battle of the Plains of Abraham”

Arial View of the Plains of Abraham

Citadel of Quebec Star shaped Military Installation located on top of Cap Diamont (Cape Diamond) Residence of the Governor General and base for Royal 22 nd Regiment. Construction began in 1745 by the French and wasn’t finished until 1832 by the British Churchill and Roosevelt stayed there to discuss strategy for WWII during the Quebec conference in 1943.

Arial view of the Citadel to illustrate the “star shape” Citadel Guards of the Royal 22 nd Regiment

Hotel de Glace Made entirely out of ice First opened on new years day 2001 Must be built from scratch every year Open for 4 months only Constructed by 60 Workers Costs between $800-$1500 a night to stay Only heated areas are the bathrooms which are in completely separate buildings from the hotel

Château de Frontenac Built in 1893 to encourage luxury tourism Guinness book for “most photographed hotel in the world” Designed by American architect named Bruce Price Over 600 rooms

Summer Festival Takes place at the end of July every year since Lasts for eleven days Takes place all over the city but the main stages are on the Plains of Abraham Hosts live music, street performances, and crafts.

Flyer for events at the Summer Festival 09 Crowds gather at the Plains of Abraham to witness live performances Carlos Santana and the Black Eyed Peas Perform at the Summer Festival

Winter Carnival Running every year since 1955 Features ice sculpture, winter sports, music, dancing, and food. Lasts from the end of January to mid February each year.

Ice sculptures during the winter carnival Dog racing and other winter sports play an important role in the winter carnival Bonhomme or “good man” is the king and official symbol of the city’s winter carnival and can be seen throughout the city while he carnival is taking place

Works Cited event/quebec-city-summer-festival_ html event/quebec-city-summer-festival_ html event/quebec-city-summer-festival_ html event/quebec-city-summer-festival_ html A Short History of Quebec - John Alexander Dickinson, Brian J Young – 2003 A Short History of Quebec - John Alexander Dickinson, Brian J Young – 2003 A Short History of Quebec A Short History of Quebec