Year 7, unit 9, lesson 6.

Kremlin, Red Square, Moscow

The Moscow Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (Russian: Моско́вский Кремль, tr. Moskovskiy Kreml; IPA: [mɐˈskofskʲɪj krʲemlʲ]), sometimes referred to as simply the Kremlin, is a historic fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River (to the South), Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square (to the East) and the Alexander Garden (to the West). It is the best known of kremlins (Russian citadels) and includes four palaces, four cathedrals and the enclosing Kremlin Wall with Kremlin towers. The complex serves as the official residence of the President of the Russian Federation. The name Kremlin means "fortress", and is often used as a metonym to refer to the government of the Soviet Union (1922–1991) and its highest members (such as general secretaries, premiers, presidents, ministers, and commissars), in the same way that the metonym Élysée Palace refers to the President of the French Republic, the White House refers to theExecutive Office of the President of the United States and Number 10 Downing Street or Whitehall refers to the Offices of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the British Government. It is still used in reference to the government of the Russian Federation and even the Russian President's official website is Kremlin.ru. "Kremlinology" refers to the study of Soviet and Russian policies.

S.B., pp , ex.1. Text A At first, wooden walls and buildings. Then, white-stone walls and towers towers. The Spasskaya (Savior’s) Tower where the most famous clock in Russia is.

S.B., pp , ex.1. Text B. The Uspensky Cathedral, the Blagoveshchensky Cathedral. The Uspensky Cathedral, the Blagoveshchensky Cathedral The Uspensky Cathedral was designed by the Italian architect Aristotle Fioravanti in the 15 th century. The Blagoveshchensky Cathedral was built by Pskov masters in The Uspensky Cathedral’s icons were painted by 150 painters from different Russian towns; the Blagoveshchensky Cathedral’ icons - by Andrey Rublev.by Andrey Rublev.

S.B., pp , ex.1. Text C. The Oruzheinaya Palata. Konstantin Thon. Konstantin Thon In Russian, West European and Eastern arms, silver and gold dishes, men’s and women’s clothes – masterpieces of different periods in Russian history.

S.B., pp , ex.1. Part 3). The Moscow Kremlin is so old! It was founded in In the fourteenth century the Kremlin got its famous red walls and towers. The most famous clock in Russia is in the Kremlin Spasskaya Tower. The Moscow Kremlin is famous for the Spasskaya (Saviour’s) Tower with its clock. The Uspensky Cathedral was designed by the Italian architect Aristotle Fioravanti. The Blagoveshchensky Cathedral was built by Pskov masters. The Oruzheinaya Palata is one of the oldest museums in the Kremlin and in Russia. It has got rich collections, they are masterpieces of different periods in Russian history.

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