Plato and Aristotle Students of Socrates

Plato It was claimed that Plato's real name was Aristocles, and that 'Plato' was a nickname (roughly 'the broad') derived either from the width of his shoulders, the results of training for wrestling, or from the breadth of his style, or from the size of his forehead.

Plato BCE son of wealthy and influential Athenian parents Plato tried both to pass on the heritage of a Socratic style of thinking

Plato’s Background Plato was in the military from 409 BC to 404 BC during the Peloponnesian War with Sparta he wanted a political career rather than a military one the execution of Socrates in 399 BC had a profound effect on him and left politics for good

Plato’s Political Beliefs aristocracyaristocracy, a Greek word which means "rule by the best." aristocracy Appropriate roles: Individuals have certain talents or skills. Philosopher Kings should rule Philosopher Kings should rule An educated society is essential. Power should not be hereditary

Aristotle’s Background Born in Macedonia, in 384 BC BC He spent twenty years (17-37) of his life studying at the Academy under Plato When Plato died, Aristotle returned to Macedonia and tutored the King’s son, Alexander the Great He came back to Athens with Alexander's approval in 335 and established his own school

Aristotle’s Political Beliefs Monarchy and Aristocracy only good if rulers were virtuous Democracy was the least dangerous form of government Kings should take advice from philosophers Educated societies create a moral and virtuous people The middle class should hold the power