Preliminary Course Revision Islam Preliminary Course Revision

Principal Beliefs Students learn about: The articles of faith explained in the Aqida as: Tawhid Angels Books of Allah Rusul Akhira Fate/predestination

Principal Beliefs Students learn to: outline the implications of Tawhid for Muslim belief examine the role of the Books of Allah and prophecy in Islam outline the principal beliefs about Angels, life after death and fate/predestination

Articles of Faith Tawhid The belief in the oneness of Allah as expressed in the Shahada Shahada - There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet How does this affect Muslims in their lives and beliefs? Angels They are the instruments of Allah's will; His messengers

Articles of Faith Books of Allah Revelation (Allah revealing information about himself) through the prophets Four main books are: Torah of Moses Psalms of David Gospels of Jesus Qur'an (the final and most complete) The first three Books have been corrupted by human interpretation. The Qur'an is not translated and, so, cannot be effected by humans

Articles of Faith Rusul These are the prophets of Allah, 28 in total Muhammad is the final prophet Akhira Life after death - Everybody will be judged by Allah according to their actions on earth. Reward is Heaven, Punishment is Hell Fate/Predestination Nothing will happen without the will and knowledge of Allah Everybody is given free will as a gift from Allah

Sacred Texts & Writings Students learn to: Identify the importance of: the Qur’an the Hadith Examine extracts from the Qur’an and Hadith which demonstrate the principal beliefs of Islam

Qur’an Literally means "recitation" Spoken to the Prophet Muhammad by the Angel Gabriel Provides a guide to life and information about Allah and his will Its primary message is the supremecy of Allah Divided into 114 chapters (sura) and about 6000 verses (ayat) It is written in Arabic and is not translated officially It is used by Muslims in prayer and to help decide shari'ah, guide the actions of adherents and provide a framework for Muslim ethics

Hadith & Sunna The traditional accounts of the sayings and deeds of Muhammad Sunna - the traditions of Muhammad The Sunna and Hadith are of secondary authority to the Qur'an but play a large role in Islamic life, as does the Qur'an

Core Ethical Teachings Students learn to: Outline the principal ethical teachings within Islam Outline the process of Islamic jurisprudence Describe the importance of ethical teachings in determining that which is: halal haraam

Definitions Jurisprudence Jurisprudence is the system of laws applied in a particular country Shari'ah Islamic law Differs among different Muslim societies Is enforced both politically and spiritually, among communities and individuals Is devised by a specific process (see below)

Process of Islamic Jurisprudence Qur’an Hadith & Sunna Ijma’ Qiyas

Categories of behaviour in Shari'ah Halal - things that are allowed, permitted or lawful, e.g. praying five times daily Fard - obligatory activities, e.g. adhering to the Five Pillars (see below) Mustahab - practices that are recommended but not compulsory, e.g. praying more than 5 times a day Mubah - things that are neither liked nor disliked; actions left for the individual conscience to decide, e.g. contraception Makrah - actions that are advised against but not forbidden, e.g. divorce Haraam - unlawful or forbidden things, e.g. eating pork, drinking alcohol

Expression of Faith Students learn about: the Five Pillars as the expression of the faith of Islam Students learn to: outline each of the Five Pillars

Five Pillars of Faith 1 - Shahada Belief "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his Prophet" To utter this with complete conviction is enough to make a person a Muslim

Five Pillars of Faith 2 - Salat Regular Prayer This is ritual prayer at least 5 times a day Dawn Midday Mid-afternoon Sunset Before bed Expression of one's love and gratitude to Allah Helps provide guidance and peace of mind Preparation involves wudu (ritual washing) Prayers are said while facing Mecca Personal prayer (Dua) can be performed any time

Five Pillars of Faith 3 - Zakat Charity (almsgiving) Muhammad prescribed a minimum of 2.5% on money and posessions of those who had more than enough Given to help the faithful, e.g. widows, orphans and the poor

Five Pillars of Faith 4 - Sawm Fasting Occurs in the month of Ramadan (ninth monthof the Muslim year) Abstain fro eating, drinking, smoking and sexual intercourse between sunrise and sunset Done to help discipline Muslims spiritually, to remind them of those without food and as a means of unity within the Umma (worldwide Islamic community) Children, elderly, ill and pregnant women do not fast

Five Pillars of Faith 5 - Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca All Muslims must make at least one trip in their lifetimes If they are able to financially and are in good health

Practice Questions Ethics Outline the effect of the Islamic ethical system on the lives of believers (5) Tawhid Explain the concept of Tawhid as a principal belief of Islam (5) Muhammad Discuss how Muhammad is the model for Muslim life (5)