Chapter 5 Settling the Middle Colonies

I.New Netherland Becomes New York A.1609 – Hudson claims land along Hudson River for Dutch while looking for NW Passage

B.Beginning of New Netherland – Dutch West India Company sets up a trading company - New Netherland – Sent 30 families to settle 3.New Amsterdam – center of new colony a.Located on Manhattan Island b.1626 – Peter Minuit, governor of colony, buys land for about $24 4.Grows slowly a.No real reason to move there b.Their country was prosperous and tolerant of religions Peter Minuit

5.Recruiting settlers a.Welcomes all people in New England b.Gave large tracts of land to anyone who brought 50 settlers c.Riverfront property d.Patroons ran land as they chose; own laws C.New Sweden Established 1.Fur Trade – brought settlers from Sweden – New Sweden formed near Wilmington, Delaware 3.Dutch view New Sweden as a rival – Peter Stuyvesant, governor of New Netherland, seized New Sweden

D.New English King Takes Over 1.Civil War in England a.Parliament Puritans vs. Charles I supporters b.King beheaded for treason 2.Puritans run country for 11 years – King Charles II takes over

– Charles sends brother, James, Duke of York to seize Dutch colony. 5.Four English warships anchor at New Amsterdam a.Governor Stuyvesant tells colonists to fight back. Fight back! b.New Netherland surrenders without a fight c.Renamed New York in honor of James

E.Colonial Government 1.James becomes proprietor of New York 2.Allows Dutch to keep their religion, lands, and customs 3.Religious freedom to all 4.Colonists had no say in government New York Fur Trade Eliminate Competition Control Atlantic Coast Peter Minuit Peter Stuyvesant James, Duke of York

II.New Jersey A.New York too large to manage for James B.Gave land to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley C.Named land “New Jersey” after Carteret’s birthplace D.Kept religious freedom E.Developed separately until they became a royal colony in 1702

New Jersey 1702 New York too large to manage Sir George Carteret Lord John Berkeley

III.William Penn’s Colonies A.Quakers needed a place for religious freedom B.Quakers persecuted 1.Believed all people equals in eyes of God 2.Refused to take oaths 3.Women allowed to speak at meetings 4.Opposed war – would not serve in army 5.Refused to pay taxes 6.Did not believe in slavery William Penn

C.King Charles gave Penn land to repay loan from Penn’s father 1.Named land Pennsylvania 2.Pennsylvania – “Penn’s woods” D.Based government on religious freedom E.Paid NA for land F.Attracted German settlers fleeing religious wars 1.Formed communities that kept alive their customs 2.Known as Pennsylvania Dutch

III.Delaware A.Pennsylvania had no seaports B.Penn receives grant from James for 3 counties along the Delaware River for trading purposes C.Uniting two areas difficult 1.Delaware could elect their own assembly 2.Penn was governor D.Counties later break away and form their own colony, Delaware

Pennsylvania1681Religious TolerationWilliam Penn Delaware1682 Pennsylvania Seaport William Penn