EXPANSION AND REFORM, CH. 18  SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century.  a. Explain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti- Asian immigration sentiment on the west coast.  b. Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.  c. Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.

EXPANSION AND REFORM  This unit examines technological innovation through the growth of big business and the impact of these innovations in the development of the West. Conflict and change will also be examined during the analysis of the American industrial growth with a focus on the consequences of industrial growth, creation of labor unions and political parties, and Supreme Court decisions. Through the conceptual lens of distribution of power and time, change, and continuity, the unit will explain the rise of the United States as a world power and the inevitable changes within American society and societies around the world.

EXPANSION AND REFORM  THIS STANDARD EXAMINES:  1. USA’S EMERGING ROLE IN WORLD  2. USA’S ROLE AS A WORLD POWER AFTER SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR  3. RACIAL DISCRIMINATION OF ASIAN AMERICANS, ESPECIALLY ON WEST COAST OF USA

EXPANSION AND REFORM: RACIAL DISCRIMINATION OF ASIAN AMERICANS  1.ANTI-IMMIGRANT SENTIMENT, JAPANESE AND CHINESE  2.CHINESE WORKED FOR LOWER PAY.  3.RESULT: U.S. CONGRESS PASSED CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT, 1882, BANNING CHINESE IMMIGRATION  4.JAPANESE COULD NOT BUY LAND OR BECOME U.S. CITIZENS.

EXPANSION AND REFORM: SPANISH AMERICAN WAR, 1898  1. AMERICAN EXPANSION, BASED ON IDEA OF SPREADING AMERICAN DEMOCRACY TO LATIN AMERICA AND OTHER REGIONS OF THE WORLD

SPANISH AMERICAN WAR, 1898  The Spanish–American War was an armed military conflict between Spain and the United States that took place between April and August 1898, over the issues of the liberation of Cuba. The war began after American demands for the resolution of the Cuban fight for independence were rejected by Spain. Strong expansionist sentiment in the United States motivated the government to develop a plan for annexation of Spain's remaining overseas territories including the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam.SpainUnited StatesCubaexpansionist annexationPhilippinesPuerto RicoGuam

SPANISH AMERICAN WAR, 1989  The revolution in Havana prompted the United States to send in the warship USS Maine to indicate high national interest. Tension among the American people was raised because of the explosion of the USS Maine, and the yellow journalist newspapers that accused the Spanish of oppression in their colonies, agitating American public opinion. The war ended after victories for the United States in the Philippine Islands and Cuba.HavanaUSS Maineyellow journalistcolonies  On December 10, 1898, the signing of the Treaty of Paris gave the United States control of Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam.Treaty of Paris

EXPANSION AND REFORM: CAUSES OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR  1. Demands by Cuban patriots for independence from Spanish rule resulting in U.S. intervention in Cuba  2. “Yellow journalism” slanting news from Cuba  3. De Lome letter  4. Loss of investment money by U.S.  5. Sinking of USS Maine in Havana, Cuba

EXPANSION AND REFORM: RESULTS OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR  1.TREATY OF PARIS, 1899  1)END OF SPANISH EMPIRE  2)SPAIN CEDES (GIVES) CUBA TO USA, LATER INDEPENDENCE  3)SPAIN CEDES PUERTO RICO AND GUAM TO USA  4)SPAIN SURRENDERED PHILIPPINES TO USA FOR 20 MILS.  a.PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN WAR, , PHILIPPINES’S INDEPENDENCE, 1946  5)USA, WORLD POWER  6)USA, IMPERIAL POWER IN EAST ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA

THE WAR IN THE PHILIPPINES  The first battle between American and Spanish forces was at Manila Bay where, on May 1, 1898, Commodore George Dewey, commanding the United States Navy's Asiatic Squadron aboard the USS Olympia, in a matter of hours, defeated the Spanish squadron under Admiral Patricio Montojo. Dewey managed this with only nine wounded.at Manila BayCommodore George DeweyAsiatic SquadronUSS OlympiaPatricio Montojo

THE PHILIPPINE – AMERICAN WAR  The Philippine–American War, , was an armed military conflict between the Philippines and the United States, which arose from the struggle of the insurgent First Philippine Republic against United States annexation of the islands. The war was a continuation of the Philippine struggle for independence, following the Philippine Revolution, led by Emilio Aguinaldo and the Spanish-American War.PhilippinesUnited StatesinsurgentFirst Philippine RepublicUnited States annexation Philippine struggle for independencePhilippine Revolution Emilio AguinaldoSpanish-American War

EMILIO AGUINALDO,

EXPANSION AND REFORM: ACTIONS IN LATIN AMERICA  1. ROOSEVELT COROLLARY- ADDED TO MONROE DOCTRINE-The Roosevelt Corollary was a substantial amendment to the Monroe Doctrine by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt in Roosevelt's extension of the Monroe Doctrine asserted the right of the United States to intervene to stabilize the economic affairs of small states in the Caribbean and Central America if they were unable to pay their international debts.Monroe DoctrineU.S.President Theodore Roosevelt  2. CONSTRUCTION OF PANAMA CANAL, OPENED IN 1914

EXPANSION AND REFORM: PANAMA CANAL