Topic: What is Life?

What do you need to survive? In your SJ, Make a list of the top 5 things you need to survive. Share this list with your neighbor. Leave your SJ open.

I. Characteristics of living things Organism: living things (You!) 1. cellular organizations 2. similar chemicals 3. use energy 4. grow and develop 5. respond to surroundings 6. reproduce

1. Cell: basic unit of structure and function of an organism A. Unicellular - single cell 1. bacteria 2. diatoms B. Multicellular - many cells doing certain tasks 1. muscles 2. nerves

2. Chemicals of Life A. water is the MOST ABUNDANT CHEMICAL B. carbohydrates are an energy source C. proteins and lipids are building materials D. nucleic acids are genetic material directing cell’s activities

3. Energy Use A. doing what living things must do 1. Eyes - reading 2. Stomach - digesting 3. Blood - moving chemicals throughout your body 4. Repair

4. Growth and Development A. Growth - becoming larger B. Development - process of change during life infanttoddlerpreschooler schoolageteenageryoung adult middle-age adultold age adult

5. Respond to Surroundings A. Stimulus – change in surroundings to cause organism to react 1. Light, sound, temperature B. Response - an action or change in behavior 1. Stimulus causes a response

6. Reproduction A. To produce offspring which are similar to the parents List 2 similarities you have that are like that of your parents, grandparents, or other relatives Share

II. Experiments of Redi and Pasture Turn to Pages 10-11 1.Redi’s Experiment mid 1600s Placed meat in two jars. One covered/one not. B. Maggots appeared on the uncovered jar of meat. C. Reasoned flies laid eggs on the uncovered meat.

2. Pasture’s Experiment mid 1800s Placed clear broth in 2 flasks with curved necks. Boiled only one flask. B. After a few days, unboiled broth became cloudy. C. Reasoned bacteria exists from previously existing bacteria.

Spontaneous Generation- living things arise from Spontaneous Generation- living things arise from nonliving sources Mistaken idea-frogs could sprout from mud ponds Redi and Pasture disproved the spontaneous generation theory with a controlled experiment carrying out 2 identical tests except for one factor known as a variable. What were the variables in their experiments?

III. Needs of Living Things Living things must have: 1. Energy- Autotrophs: make their own food Heterotrophs: eat autotrophs or other heterotrophs that eat autotrophs (animals) 2. Water-92% of your blood 3. Living space-provides food, water, shelter 4. Stable Internal Conditions-homeostasis What were the 5 items you listed that you needed to SURVIVE?

What did you learn? Tell your neighbor the 6 characteristics of organisms. What is the most abundant chemical?