eHome Group 3 Matthew Beck Kyle Ferguson Travis Helms Dejan Lee-Hue

Goals To grant the user full control of their home via a Smartphone

Objectives Household Power Monitoring Outlet specific power monitoring and control Light control Keyless Door Entry

Specification Power readings must be accurate to 2 kWh Delay must be less than 5 seconds Must accommodate at least 256 nodes (8 bit addresses)

Requirements Power Readings must be accurate Devices must be: ◦ Self-contained ◦ Small ◦ Low Power ◦ Safe The user must be able to add/subtract devices easily The user must always have control over their home Entire system must be “plug and play”

Block Diagram

XBee Routing Protocol TTTTTTTT indicates device Type that is SENDING the message : hub : light : outlet : door lock – : reserved for possible future use AAAAAAAA indicates the Address of the End device (10 bits = 1024 possible devices) CCCCCCCC indicates command requested (from hub) or responding to (from device) : CHECK_STATE : TOGGLE : SET_ON : SET_OFF : READ_CURRENT : READ_VOLTAGE : OPEN_DOOR – : reserved for possible future use

Handshake

Whole House Power Monitoring Monitor whole house power without messing with existing wiring Use existing equipment: The residential power meter outside Use a camera to record the meter and “read” it with software

Camera Requirements ◦ Weather Resistant ◦ Built-in lights ◦ Wireless streaming Camera we chose: ◦ Wansview NCB541W

Software Image processing software ◦ Will “read” the power meter to monitor power use ◦ Will be hosted on our web server ◦ Using C# ◦ Built mostly from scratch  Simple imaging functions from existing library

Aforge.NET An open-source imaging library Provides basic imaging functions ◦ Color, blurring and size filters, for resizing or grayscale conversion, etc ◦ Provides Canny Edge Detector class

Classifying the Meter 3 types of meters ◦ “Clock-style” digit meter ◦ Digital 7-segment digit meter ◦ Analog rolling digit meter Our system reads digital meters ◦ Becoming more common ◦ Easier to interpret – standard digit structure (7-segment rectangular digit)

Digit Locations Multi-purpose o Setting digit locations for the first time will also provide the system with its first meter reading Given by user on website ◦ Website shows a frame from the camera ◦ User clicks image to determine digit locations ◦ Individual digit reading given immediately to help get it just right

“Read” the meter Reading digits will be similar to finding them, using the same template key points. Quicker, because digit locations are known, so only check there Combine the individual digit readings to get the full meter reading

Storing Data Reading history, along with account data and all of the calibration settings, will be saved in a SQL database Database will be hosted on the same web server as the website and the software

Outlet Power Monitoring Overview Device will plug directly into a home outlet o Web control granted o Obtain Power usage Sent to web for user viewing

Outlet Power Monitoring Design Voltage o Obtained directly o Wired to A/D pin o Run through peak detecting circuit

Outlet Power Monitoring Design Voltage o Obtained directly o Wired to A/D pin o Run through peak detecting circuit o Over voltage protection via Zener (D1)

Outlet Power Monitoring Design Current o Obtained using Indirect Current Sensor Monitor gives time dependent AC output Wrapped insulated live wire through sensor 4x for higher precision Wired to A/D

Outlet Power Monitoring Design Current Reading Software Stores 200 readings at a time into an array More than necessary to cover a 60 Hz time period Low pass digital filter applied to array Current value is averaged with 4 previous readings Used for noise reduction Maximum and minimum values are found in array ((MAX – MIN) – TYP_NOISE) * GAIN_FACTOR

Outlet Control Type C Relay used o SPDT o Normally closed track connected to 120V Coil connected to ATMega controlled BJT

Light Control Device will grant control of existing light ◦ Push Button Switch ◦ Digital Switch (via application)

Light Control Design Digital Control ◦ BJT grants user control of light

Light Control Design Analog Control o 5V out connected to push button switch o State of switch monitored by I/O pin Change of state = Change state of Input to BJT

Door Lock Challenges Front door must always be accessible o Lost Phone o Power Outage Front door lock must also accept key eHome

Door Lock Design Electric Door Strike ◦ 1.5A ◦ 3-7V ◦ Perfect for use with ATMega MOSFET used to give logic level input ◦ Handles 1.5A Safely

Door Lock Schematic

Website Overview Objectives ◦ Display current/projected bill ◦ Display outlet power consumption ◦ Toggle devices over internet ◦ User login

Website Interface Structure ASP.NET/C#, MSSQL Abyss Web Server

Website User Account Account Settings ◦ Change password ◦ Prompt for Cell phone number Registration ◦ Create username and password

Website Home Page Design ◦ Current Bill/Projected Bill ◦ Power Used to date ◦ Log in/out ◦ Video Feed

Website Device Page Lists current connected devices ◦ Can then monitor power (where enabled) and change state of device

Website Communication Addressing ◦ IP camera ◦ Microcontroller/central hub ◦ Xbee wireless communication

Website System Settings Meter type Price per watt rate

Work Distribution

Expenditures & Budget Part NameCost/UnitTotal UnitsTotal Cost Arduino Duemilanove$19.503$58.50 Ethernet Shield W/ POE$ Wireless Shield$14.953$44.85 Xbee Antennae$22.953$68.85 IP Camera$ Door Strike$ Current Sensor$ Relays$2.823$8.46 Switch$2.991 Wire$3.9950’$3.99 MOSFET$1.991 Paper$ PCB Layout$303$85 Components$20X Enclosures$83$24 Total Expenditures (Projected): $ Initial Budget:$ Additional funds required:$93.68