Elements of Art and Principles of Design

Elements of Art The building blocks or ingredients of art. They structure and carry the work.

Elements of Art Line Form Color Space Value Texture Shape

LINE Pablo Picasso A mark with length and direction. A continuous mark made on a surface by a moving point.

LINE May be vertical, horizontal or diagonal, curved, straight, zigzag, or show emotion.

LINE

LINE Contour lines- outline the edges of forms or shapes Gestural lines- indicate action and physical movement

COLOR Consists of Hue (another word for color), Value (lightness or darkness) and Intensity (brightness). Henri Matisse Alexander Calder

COLOR 1. HUE: this is the name of the colors Color has three properties: 1. HUE: this is the name of the colors 2. VALUE: refers to the lightness or darkness of a hue. 3. INTENSITY: refers to the purity of the hue or strength of a color

Neutral Colors These colors are made by adding a complimentary color (opposite on the color wheel) to a hue. Neutralized hues are called tones.

Tints and Shades Shades- adding the color black. Tints – adding the color white to lighten a hue Shades – adding black to darken a hue Shades- adding the color black.

Warm – red, orange, yellow Cool – green, blue, violet Warm and Cool Colors Warm – red, orange, yellow Cool – green, blue, violet

The lightness or darkness of a color. VALUE The lightness or darkness of a color. MC Escher Pablo Picasso

VALUE High Range in Value Low Range in Value

2-dimensional and it encloses space SHAPE Joan Miro 2-dimensional and it encloses space

Shapes can be geometric or organic. GEOMETRIC: square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, circle, cone ORGANIC: free form shapes, shapes in nature; for example: leaves, trees, animals

SHAPE Organic vs. Geometric

FORM The appearance of a 3 dimensional object which is encloses and holds volume Jean Arp Lucien Freud

FORM Shows an object in space, the mass or positive space it occupies. For example, a triangle, which is 2-dimensional, is a shape, but a pyramid, which is 3-dimensional, is a form.

FORM Form can be 2D Form can be 3D

SPACE The distance or area between, around, above, below, or within things. Foreground, Middleground and Background (creates DEPTH)

Positive (filled with something) and Negative (empty areas) SPACE Positive (filled with something) and Negative (empty areas)

TEXTURE The surface quality or "feel" of an object, its smoothness, roughness, softness, etc.

Textures may be actual or implied.

Actual – texture that you can feel with your sense of touch Implied – texture that has been simulated in drawing and painting on a smooth surface Actual – texture that you can feel with your sense of touch

You should now have 7 Elements of Art Pages turn your book over and start from the other side……

They are concepts that affect content and message. Principles of Design The ways in which the Elements of Art are organized are referred to as the Principles of Design. They are concepts that affect content and message.

Principles of Design Balance Variety Emphasis Proportion Rhythm Movement Unity Principles of Design

BALANCE The way the elements are arranged to create a feeling of stability in a work. Alexander Calder

Symmetrical Balance The parts of an image are organized so that one side mirrors the other. Leonardo DaVinci

Asymmetrical Balance When one side of a composition does not reflect the design of the other. James Whistler

Radial Balance Slice it like a pizza- Each piece will be the same

EMPHASIS The focal point of an image, or when one area or thing stand out the most. Jim Dine Gustav Klimt

The part that catches your attention first. EMPHASIS The part that catches your attention first.

CONTRAST PROPORTION COLOR EMPHASIS Can be created through the use of many different elements and principles like… CONTRAST PROPORTION COLOR

RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM RHYTHM A regular repetition of elements to produce the look and feel of movement. Marcel Duchamp

RHYTHM The repetition of lines, shapes, or colors to create a feeling of movement.

MOVEMENT The motion created in a work of art. Often uses the principle of rhythm to achieve this.

The feeling of action or directional flow Vincent VanGogh

UNITY When all the elements and principles work together to create a pleasing image. The feeling of wholeness or the parts belonging together. Johannes Vermeer

The use of differences and change to increase the visual interest of the work. VARIETY Marc Chagall

VARIETY The use of different lines, shapes, and colors in a piece of work.

PROPORTION The comparative relationship of one part to another with respect to size, quantity, or degree; SCALE. Gustave Caillebotte

Proportion …size / scale …with color

PROPORTION

Review- What principles do you see?

Proportion

?

Balance- Symetrical

Rhythm

Movement

Proportion

Emphasis

Please hand in your P & E Book when your done ! Write your name on it!!!

When returned to you, keep all your P & E Book in your Art bag You can study from it for your mid-term and final exams.