ENGR 111 Class 2.1 Sketching, Lettering, and AutoCAD Basics

R eadiness A ssessment T est l Individually you will be given 1 minute to respond to the following question: l What is the standard style lettering used on engineering drawings?

Lettering l The style of engineering lettering we will use in this course is Single Stroke Gothic Lettering l An example of the characters is shown in Figures 1.4, 1.6, and 1.7. l Notice that only capital letters are demonstrated, since we will use only capital letters on drawings

Pencil Techniques l The best pencil for lettering on most surfaces are the H, F, and HB grades. l Hold your pencil in the position shown. It should make approximately a 60 o angle with the paper.

Single Stroke Gothic Lettering

Lettering with Fractions

Question l Take 2 minutes and discuss as a team why it is called Single Stroke Gothic Lettering l An alternative to Single Stroke is: This is Fancy Lettering

Gothic Goth·ic (g ¼ th “¹ k) adj. Abbr. Goth. 1.a. Of or relating to the Goths or their language. b. Germanic; Teutonic. 2. Of or relating to the Middle Ages; medieval. 3.a. Of or relating to an architectural style prevalent in western Europe from the 12th through the 15th century and characterized by pointed arches, rib vaulting, and flying buttresses. b. Of or relating to an architectural style derived from medieval Gothic. 4. Of or relating to painting, sculpture, or other art forms prevalent in northern Europe from the 12th through the 15th century. 5. Often gothic. Of or relating to a style of fiction that emphasizes the grotesque, mysterious, and desolate. 6. gothic. Barbarous; crude. --Goth·ic n. 1. The extinct East Germanic language of the Goths. 2. Gothic art or architecture. 3. Often gothic. Printing. a. See black letter. b. See sans serif. 4. A novel in a style emphasizing the grotesque, mysterious, and desolate. --Goth “ i·cal·ly adv.

Single Stroke Gothic Lettering l Created by Mr. C.W. Reinhardt l First published in 1893 “Engineering News” l Adopted as the ANSI Letter Form in 1935 l ANSI/ASME Standard Y continued using Mr. Reinhardt’s style as the modern day standard that we use in this course l REF: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS 6th Ed. Giesecke, Mitchell, et.al 1998

R eadiness A ssessment T est l Individually respond to the following question. You will be given 1 minute: Define SKETCHING l As a team prepare a one sentence definition of SKETCHING. You will be given 3 minutes to complete this assignment.

Sketching l Sketching is a rapid, freehand method of drawing without the use of drawing instruments. Sketching is also a thinking process and a method of communication.

Sketching l This is not artistic sketching, but technical sketching l Emphasis will be on sketching geometric figures to represent features of objects l Medium grade pencils work best for sketching l All lines should be dark enough to standout from the page

Alphabet of Lines

Sketching Techniques

Sketching techniques l Use very light construction lines l “Box in” the rough outline of the object l Darken only the lines you wish to keep l Clean up the edges and rough spots

Why CAD? l Computer Aided Drafting. l Tool engineers use to create designs. l Easier and more efficient than drafting by hand. l Consistency between users.

Today’s AutoCAD commands l Drawing setup –SNAP –GRID l Display control –ZOOM –PAN l Drawing –LINE –MTEXT –CIRCLE –ARC l Editing and inquiry –ERASE –DDEDIT –TRIM –FILLET –UNDO –Modify properties –Grips l General Concepts –Layers –Ortho Mode

Entering AutoCAD l Log on to the network l Double click on AutoCAD icon l Select Use a Template –Find drawing template A- Blank.dwt –Select OK

Grid and Snap l Grid is just a visual aid for your drawing l Snap allows you to specify precise coordinates when using the mouse l They are modified with the GRID and SNAP commands l Neither affect anything already drawn l They can be changed on-the-fly

Function Keys l Function keys turn GRID and SNAP “modes” on and off –F7 - Sets GRID mode on/off –F9 - Sets SNAP mode on/off l DO NOT DRAW ANYTHING WITH SNAP TURNED OFF!!!!

Status line at the bottom l The status line at the bottom of the display tells you whether any of the modes are on or off. l The “pressed” modes are on. (SNAP, GRID, ORTHO and MODEL in the picture below)

Drawing Objects l Drawing commands are found on the toolbar located at the left of the screen l The four of interest today are Line, Arc, Circle, and Mtext l These may be abbreviated from the keyboard using the first letter(s) (e.g.) –Line - L –Arc - A –Circle - C –Mtext - MT Line Circle Arc Mtext

The Line Command l The line command requires two or more points and will connect them with straight lines l Points are selected by pressing the left mouse button l Pressing Enter or Escape will terminate the command

The Circle Command l The Circle command has several options which change the required input – Center, Radius - This is the default and requires a point and either a second point (which will be on the circumference) or a radius type via the keyboard. – Center, Diameter - as above, but the second point will not lie on the circumference, it will define the diameter. To use this option, you must type “D” prior to selecting the second point or entering the diameter. –Other options will be discussed as needed

The Arc Command l While the Arc command can be accessed via the toolbar, the pulldown menu offers easy access to the various options within the Arc command l For most applications the Start, Center, End option is most useful

The Mtext Command l The Mtext command has the most options of any of the commands we have yet seen. Most will be obvious in their use. l Mtext is a full multiline text editor. l It supports word wrap, bold and italic, and multiple fonts. l As inputs it needs a starting point and the width of the text. l Given these, a dialog box is displayed as shown on the next slide.

The Mtext Dialog Box

Working with Layers l Layers are used to control the type of line that will be drawn l They are pre-defined on the templates used for this class l They are accessed from a dropdown list as shown to the right

Layer Control l Consider two possible states for a layer –ON/OFF l ON/OFF controls whether the layer can be seen on screen l Nothing on an OFF layer can be selected using the mouse

Display Control l ZOOM -- scales the screen view to an area of the drawing surface –“Window” will zoom down to a window –“All” will zoom out to show the larger of the drawn entities or limits –Realtime allows you to shrink or enlarge the display in real time. l PAN -- moves around on the drawing surface

Paired Exercise l Start a new drawing. l Use template A-Blank.dwt l You have 15 minutes to practice drawing lines and arcs using different linetypes and layers. l Save your solutions on a floppy disk.

Completing the Title Strip l Rather than using the MTEXT command to compete the title block, it is simpler to edit the existing text. l The command to do this is DDEDIT, or find “Text…” under the Modify pulldown menu. l Or you can double click on the text to be edited.

Title Strip l For today, leave Team and File as “00” l Complete Drawn by with Last, First Name l Date in Month/Day/Year format using the DUE DATE (9/29/02) l Make sure you include your section number

Printing in AutoCAD l Printing is done via the PLOT command l Always plot limits l Set origin to “Center the Plot” l Always plot at a scale appropriate to the drawing (normally 1:1) l ALWAYS GET A FULL PREVIEW BEFORE PRINTING

Plot Device Settings l Under Plot Device, make sure the printer is selected and the Plot Style Table is set to “endg105.ctb”.

Homework