Agenda The Writing Process Parts of Speech Brainstorming Questions

Quality writing involves taking time with the process Discovery—Prewriting Planning—Outlining Drafting—Writing Revising Editing—Polishing—Publishing

In the English language . . . There are nine parts of speech . . . Nouns Verbs Pronouns Adjectives Adverbs Conjunctions Articles Prepositions Interjections It is important to understand that every word in a sentence has a job to do, a role in the sentence.

Noun:person, place,thing or quality Person/Thing: Mr. Garcia likes to eat spinach. Place: Corinth is an old town. Quality: Honesty is a great value to possess. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

Verb: shows action or state of being Action: He was running through the forest. State of being: He was sad that particular morning. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

Pronoun: takes the place of a noun Guillermo was studying for the mid-term exam when he realized that it was three o’clock in the morning. (There are actually many types of pronouns: personal, interrogative,demonstrative, indefinite, relative, possessive, reflexive, reciprocal) Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

Demonstrative pronouns are this, that, these, those, such Indefinite pronouns refer to people or things whose identities are not known or are unimportant.

Identify the demonstrative pronoun: These are such delicious strawberries. a) strawberries b) these c) are d) such

Identify the demonstrative pronoun: These are such delicious strawberries. a) strawberries b) these c) are d) such

Identify the indefinite pronoun: None of us wants to watch television right now. b) now c) television d) us

Identify the indefinite pronoun: None of us wants to watch television right now. b) now c) television d) us

Adjective: describes a noun The beautiful woman only wanted a couple of pairs of shoes. The rainy day made us even sadder. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

Adjectives are describing words that add meaning and description to nouns Identify each adjective: That street is dangerous when it's dark, so take the other route. a) route b) dangerous, dark, other c) dangerous, dark d) dangerous

Adjectives are describing words that add meaning and description to nouns Identify each adjective: That street is dangerous when it's dark, so take the other route. a) route b) dangerous, dark, other c) dangerous, dark d) dangerous

Adverb: describes a verb The little girl walked happily through the park. The orphan hungrily ate the hot stew. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

Adverbs are describing words that add meaning and description to verbs. Identify the adverbs: I can say confidently that he's usually early, and she's always late. a) confidently, usually, early, always, late b) confidently, usually, always c) he’s d) usually, always

Adverbs are describing words that add meaning and description to verbs. Identify the adverbs: I can say confidently that he's usually early, and she's always late. a) confidently, usually, early, always, late b) confidently, usually, always c) he’s d) usually, always

Identify each adverb: Their last album was wildly successful, too. last, wildly b) wildly, too c) album d) wildly

Identify each adverb: Their last album was wildly successful, too. last, wildly b) wildly, too c) album d) wildly

Conjunctions: words that join words, phrases or sentences Manuel and Marisol loved to cook. You will go to school, or you will fail. I am happy because I just received my check. It has been cloudy since the morning. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

The bicycle was not only red but shiny. Article: There are only three articles--the, a , an (Actually, articles are adjectives and not a different part of speech) The bicycle was not only red but shiny. A yellow moon always appears in October. An excellent student, Armando passed all his exams. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

The dog was under the table. These are some common prepositions: Preposition: A word or phrase that shows the relationship between the noun that it takes as an object and some other word in the sentence. The cat was on the table. The dog was under the table. These are some common prepositions: For on to up at under above toward With between in behind From upon into off Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

Interjections: expressive words Wow, you knocked that ball out of the park. Created by José J. Gonzalez, Jr. Spring 2002 STCC

An interjection is a word expressing emotion Identify the interjection: Oh! I thought you were Howard. a) thought b) I c) Howard d) oh

An interjection is a word expressing emotion Identify the interjection: Oh! I thought you were Howard. a) thought b) I c) Howard d) oh

Phrases A phrase is one of those smaller bits of a sentence that you will need to be able to identify. Our definition of a phrase is: A group of words that is missing either a subject or missing the matching verb or both.

Because it is missing one of these two requirements, it does not meet our definition for a complete sentence. Therefore, a phrase by itself is considered a fragment, or an incomplete sentence.

A phrase is a group of related words that lacks either a subject or a verb. Identify each phrase: She's such a happy person that I simply enjoy being around her. a) such a happy person, simply enjoy, around her b) person that c) being around her d) such a happy person, being around her

A phrase is a group of related words that lacks either a subject or a verb. Identify each phrase: She's such a happy person that I simply enjoy being around her. a) such a happy person, simply enjoy, around her b) person that c) being around her d) such a happy person, being around her

Clauses are different part of sentences than phrases, but they are equally important. Our definition of a clause is: A group of related words that has both a subject and a verb that matches it. (Notice how this is similar to our definition of a sentence.)

Clauses Independent clauses present complete ideas and can stand by themselves as sentences because they contain a subject and a verb that matches it. Dependent clauses cannot stand by themselves as sentences. Even though they contain a subject and a verb that matches it, they also have an additional word at the beginning of the clause that makes you need more information to complete the meaning.

A clause is a group of related words containing a subject-verb pair  A clause is a group of related words containing a subject-verb pair. Clauses are either independent (a complete sentence) or dependent (an incomplete sentence Identify the independent clause: After she raced around the track, Sally headed for the finish line. a) around the track b) the finish line c) after she raced around the track d) Sally headed for the finish line

A clause is a group of related words containing a subject-verb pair  A clause is a group of related words containing a subject-verb pair. Clauses are either independent (a complete sentence) or dependent (an incomplete sentence Identify the independent clause: After she raced around the track, Sally headed for the finish line. a) around the track b) the finish line c) after she raced around the track d) Sally headed for the finish line

Identify the dependent clause: That's Carla, whose brother is a famous actor. a) brother b) that's Carla c) actor d) whose brother is a famous actor

A clause is a group of related words containing a subject-verb pair  A clause is a group of related words containing a subject-verb pair. Clauses are either independent (a complete sentence) or dependent (an incomplete sentence Identify the dependent clause: That's Carla, whose brother is a famous actor. a) brother b) that's Carla c) actor d) whose brother is a famous actor

Common Subordinating Conjunctions Words when added to a complete sentence, make a dependent clause) after, although, as, as if, as long as, as though, because, before, even though, if, in order that, once, provided that, since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, until, when, where, whereas, while Notice how each of these words leaves you wanting more information: Since you’ve been so good… (What? Will I get a present?) Before you can go to the movies… (What do I need to do?) Even though you washed the dishes… (What did I forget to do?)

Subordinate means "secondary," so subordinating conjunctions are words that introduce secondary ideas. When you add a subordinating conjunction-words such as after, because, or although-to a clause, you make the clause dependent. Identify the subordinating conjunction: While she waited, Teresa studied for her test. a) her b) for c) test d) while

Subordinate means "secondary," so subordinating conjunctions are words that introduce secondary ideas. When you add a subordinating conjunction-words such as after, because, or although-to a clause, you make the clause dependent. Identify the subordinating conjunction: While she waited, Teresa studied for her test. a) her b) for c) test d) while

Identify the prepositions: On Thursday, I went to dinner with Sara and then to the movies. a) dinner, to b) on, to, with, to c) on, to, with, then, to d) on, to, with

Prepositions are words that show concepts such as time, place, direction, and manner Identify the prepositions: On Thursday, I went to dinner with Sara and then to the movies. a) dinner, to b) on, to, with, to c) on, to, with, then, to d) on, to, with

Identify the nouns: The weather report says sunny skies and higher temperatures. weather, sunny, higher b) weather, report c) temperatures d) report, skies, temperatures

Identify the nouns: The weather report says sunny skies and higher temperatures. weather, sunny, higher b) weather, report c) temperatures d) report, skies, temperatures

Identify the prepositions: She is lying on the couch again, complaining about her dull life. a) on, about, dull b) on, about c) life d) on, again, about

Identify the prepositions: She is lying on the couch again, complaining about her dull life. a) on, about, dull b) on, about c) life d) on, again, about

Identify the phrase: Rolling on the lawn, Duncan barked and yipped Identify the phrase: Rolling on the lawn, Duncan barked and yipped. a) rolling on the lawn b) lawn c) rolling d) Duncan barked and yipped

Identify the phrase: Rolling on the lawn, Duncan barked and yipped Identify the phrase: Rolling on the lawn, Duncan barked and yipped. a) rolling on the lawn b) lawn c) rolling d) Duncan barked and yipped

Identify the adverbs: We almost lost the game, but suddenly Charles took a wild shot. almost, suddenly, wild b) charles c) almost, lost, suddenly d) almost, suddenly

Identify the adverbs: We almost lost the game, but suddenly Charles took a wild shot. almost, suddenly, wild b) charles c) almost, lost, suddenly d) almost, suddenly

Identify the adjectives: The illustrated cover was slick and shiny. b) illustrated, cover, slick, shiny c) illustrated, slick, shiny d) cover, slick

Identify the adjectives: The illustrated cover was slick and shiny. b) illustrated, cover, slick, shiny c) illustrated, slick, shiny d) cover, slick

Identify the independent clause: As he moved quickly up the field, Roberto was in a position to score. a) quickly b) as he moved quickly up the field c) Roberto was in a position to score d) Roberto

Identify the independent clause: As he moved quickly up the field, Roberto was in a position to score. a) quickly b) as he moved quickly up the field c) Roberto was in a position to score d) Roberto

Identify the dependent clause: Before you leave, would you please shut the windows?

Identify the dependent clause: Before you leave, would you please shut the windows?

1. The tall and majestic statue 2. Although he often pitches well 3. The dog sat waiting 4.. My sweet, caring Grandfather enjoys playing cards 5. Even though I can’t run very well 6 She lovingly plays the harp 7 While the two men sat waiting for the film to start 8 With a great amount of anxiety and fear

Unit 3 Overview Read Take Quiz Participate in Discussion Complete the MWL writing exercises