Dr. Anas Alasolaiman Radiology department

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Presentation transcript:

Dr. Anas Alasolaiman Radiology department Damascus University Faculty of Medicine 5th Year Chest Imaging/ 2 CT Dr. Anas Alasolaiman Radiology department 2014

في البداية تم وضع 4 كواشف مقابل انبوب الأشعة، فمع كل دوران للإنبوب يتم عمل 4 مقاطع، مما أدى الى اختصار زمن المسح الى الربع، فمثلا مسح الصدر اصبح يستغرق 3 دقائق تقريبا بدل من 15 دقيقة، و البطن من 30 د الى 7 د، و الدماغ الى 2 د. ثم زاد بشكل تدريجي الي6،8، 28،64. فاصبح مسح الصدر يحتاج الى دقيقة واحدة و الدماغ 30 ثانية في الطبقي متعدد الكواشف 64. بعدها تم صنع متعدد الكواشف 128، 256،360 ، 640. فأصبح من الممكن عمل المسح بشكل فائق السرعة و ضمن ثواني معدودة أو أقل و ذلك حسب عدد الكواشف.

حاليا 64 متوفر في كثير من المراكز و منها مشفى الأسد الجامعي حاليا 64 متوفر في كثير من المراكز و منها مشفى الأسد الجامعي. و هو كافي و وافي لعمل أي صورة من الصور المطلوبة Advantages: 4Vs: السرعة: عالية جداً و بالتالي يمكن الإستفادة منها في مجالات كثيرة كما الحالات في الحالات الإسعافية الحرجة، تصوير الأطفال و دون الحاجة للتخدير. تصوير الأوعية: تصوير أية وعاء و عن طريق الحقن للمادة الظليلة في الوريد و اعطاء الأمر للكومبيوتر للتصوير الإنتقائي لأي وعاء مرغوب. إعادة التركيب: في أي مقطع مرغوب و من أية جهة مرغوبة، و حتى ثلاثية الأبعاد، و بدقة عالية جداً و سرعة شديدة. المنظار التخيلي: يمكن عمل تنظير للكولونات، او تنظير قصبي، او تنظير مثاني أو إحليلي، أو حتى داخل الأوعية..

Lung windows are chosen to maximize our ability to image abnormalities of the lung parenchyma . Mediastinal windows are chosen to display the Mediastinal, hilar, and pleural structures to best advantag Bone window

FIVE –VESSIL LEVEL AT this level, you should be able to identify the lungs. the trachea, and the esophagus. The trachea is black because it contains air. is usually oval, and is about 2 cm in diameter. The esophagus lies posterior and either to the left or to the right of the trachea.

AORTIC ARCH LEVEL At this level you should be able to identify the aortic arch, superior vena cava,. and azygous vein.

AORTO-PULMONARY WINDOW LEVEL  At this level you should be able to identify the ascending and descending aorta, superior vena cava, and uppermost aspect of the left pulmonary artery (maybe) .

MAIN PUMONARY ARTERY LEVEL At these leve1s (it may require more man one image to see all of these structures, you should be able to identify the main. right, and left pulmonary arteries, the right and left main bronchi, and me bronchus intermedius.

HIGH CARDIAC LEVEL  At this level, you should be able to identify me left atrium. right atrium, aortic root, and right ventricular outflow tract

LOW CARDIAC LEVEL At this level, you should be able to identify the right atrium, right ventricle" left ventricle" interventricn1ar septum, and pericardium..

Hight – Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) Thin collimation 1 – 2mm . For suspected interstitial/ generalized lung disease No contrast media is given . Insp / exp . .

ANATOMY

Air Bronchogram Sign An air bronchogram indicates that the underlying opacity must be parenchymal rather than pleural or mediastinal in location

Air Crescent Sign A mass growing within a pre-existing cavity, or an area of pneumonia that undergoes necrosis and cavitates, may form a peripheral crescent of air between the intracavitary mass and the cavity wall, resulting in the air crescent sign

Ring Around the Artery Sign This sign refers to a well-defined lucency encircling the right pulmonary artery pneumomediastinum

Chest MRI MR imaging of the chest is performed to: assess abnormal growths, including cancer of the lungs or other tissues, which either cannot be assessed adequately with other imaging modalities (typically CT) or which are particularly well-suited to MR imaging. determine tumor size, extent, and the degree to which the cancer has spread to adjacent structures. assess the anatomy and functionality of the heart and its component structures (valves, etc.) determine blood flow dynamics in the vessels and heart chambers. display lymph nodes and blood vessels, including vascular and lymphatic malformations of the chest. assess disorders of the chest bones (vertebrae, ribs and sternum) and chest wall soft tissue (muscles and fat). A special form of MRI called magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is helpful to assess the vessels of the chest cavity (arteries and veins). MRA can also demonstrate an abnormal ballooning out of the wall of an artery (aneurysm) or a torn inner lining of an artery (dissection).

Quizz

thank u 