Unit Map: Follow Along in your packet WHAT ARE YOU LEARNING? AS Basic: Recognize, ID, and Eval disease and parasites in animals AS.03.01: ID breeds and species

Know Understand Do! Know  Types of birds  Basic Care Requirements  Gross internal and external anatomy Understand Requirements of differing types of species Proper care and disease prevention Physiology of flight Do Design a care guide Summarize care practices Analyze homologous structures

Key Learning: Birds and their care  Unit EQ: How are birds an example of evolution and homology ? Concept : Anatomy Lesson EQ: How are birds adapted to flight? Vocab Homology, Remiges, Digits Concept : Care Lesson EQ: What are general care requirements for all birds? Vocab Aviary, Enrichment, Hand-Fed Concept : Types Lesson EQ: How can bird behavior differ? Vocab Parrot, Song bird, Socialization

Animal Science Level 1

 Where would you find these birds?

 How could bird behavior influence ownership?

 Identify common pet store birds  Define characteristics of each type of bird  Compare/Contrast types of birds ◦ Concept Map Exercise

 Parakeet (Budgie)  Small Parrot ◦ Conure ◦ Lovebird  Cockatiel  Finches  Doves  Canaries

 Colors: Rare, Blue, and Green  For ages: 8 & up, with adult supervision  Pet lifespan: approximately years

 Pet size: approximately 7" in length  Social ◦ 30 minutes of socializing per day

 Intelligent ◦ Whistle Tunes ◦ Low talking ability  Other Behavior ◦ Messy eaters

 Types: Nanday, Green Cheek, Black Cap, Jenday, Sun, Fancy Green  For ages: 14 & up, with adult supervision  Pet lifespan: approximately years

 Pet size: approximately 10"-15" in length  Social ◦ 1+ hours of daily interaction

 Intelligent ◦ Smart, Easily Trained, “Step-up/Step-down” for easy handling  Behavior ◦ Messy eaters ◦ Noisy/ Medium speaking ability

 Types: Fisher’s, Peach-faced, Black-Cheek, Nyasa  For ages: 14 & up, with adult supervision  Pet lifespan: approximately years

 Pet size: approximately 6" in length  Social ◦ 1+ socialization

 Intelligent ◦ Easily trained  Behavior ◦ Nest Makers ◦ Chirps (train to whistle)

Activity  Build a Concept map for each type of bird (follow first example, use your own paper) ◦ Parakeet (Budgie) ◦ Small Parrot  Conure  Lovebird

 Socialization: behave in a friendly manner  Preen: to trim or dress (feathers, fur, etc.) with the beak or tongue Vocabulary: Closing

 Parrot: any of numerous hook-billed, often brilliantly colored birds of the order Psittaciformes, as the cockatoo, lory, macaw, or parakeet, having the ability to mimic speech and often kept as pets. Vocabulary: Closing

Birds: Types Animal Science Level 1

 Compare and contrast the conure and lovebird. Include age requirements, lifespan, size, behavior, and intelligence. Write at least 5 sentences!

 How could bird behavior influence ownership? Essential Question

 Identify common pet store birds  Define characteristics of each type of bird  Compare/Contrast types of birds ◦ Concept Map Exercise Objectives

 Colors: Grey, Lutino, Cinnamon, Pied  For ages: 12 & up, with adult supervision  Pet lifespan: approximately years

 Pet size: approximately 10"-12" in length  Social ◦ 1+ hour of interaction per day

 Behavior ◦ Whistlers ◦ Preeners (self groom) ◦ Messy eaters

 Types: Zebra, Society, Manikin, Cordon Blue, Gouldian  For ages: 14 & up, with adult supervision

 Pet lifespan: approximately 5 years  Pet size: approximately 5"-6" in length

 Social ◦ No handling, enjoy seeing people regularly  Behavior ◦ Males sing ◦ Messy eaters

 Types: Rock, Diamond, White, Pink Ring Neck  For ages: 8 & up, with adult supervision

 Pet lifespan: approximately years  Pet size: approximately 4"-8" in length

 Social ◦ mins per day, handled and stroked  Behavior ◦ Calm, gentle ◦ Coo (male call) ◦ Need grit (stones for digestion) ◦ Messy eaters

 Types: Yellow, Red Factor, Fancy  For ages: 14 & up, with adult supervision

 Pet lifespan: approximately 5-25 years  Pet size: approximately 5" in length

 Social ◦ No handling, like to watch people

 Behavior: ◦ Makes sing ◦ High metabolic rate (food always available) ◦ Single or pairs ◦ Messy eaters

 Song bird: 1. a bird that sings, any passerine bird of the suborder Oscines

 Grit: hard stones, kept in crop, used to help grind (chew) food

 Build a Concept map for each type of bird (follow first example, use your own paper) ◦ Cockatiel ◦ Finches ◦ Doves ◦ Canaries

Animal Science Level 1

 What might have happened to this bird?

 Understand proper care of domestic birds  Outline general rules for bird care

 What are common rules of thumb for all bird care?

 Environment  Food  Water  Enrichment  Illness prevention

 Cages: ◦ As roomy as possible. Able to spread wings & make short flights (exercise) ◦ Metal bars; birds should not be able to fit their heads through

 Cages: ◦ Horizontal: for birds that like to climb (parakeets etc) ◦ Slide out trays for easy cleaning and less anxiety to animal Environment: Cages

 Cages: ◦ Draft free area ◦ Daily sunlight ◦ Even temperature

 Definition: large flying enclosure mimicking a natural environment

 Indoor: ◦ You control temperature ◦ Often a room devoted to birds ◦ Windows are wired ◦ Door has a double passage way to prevent escape.

 Outdoor ◦ Most natural environment ◦ Must have indoor shelter ◦ Wind breaks (prevent drafts, helps block some noise ◦ Normally all wired and mesh

 Hand Fed: Fed by humans formula via large syringe. ◦ Pros: More hand friendly and tame ◦ Cons: Time consuming, expensive (formula)

 Seeds: Mixture, based on shape and size of beak ◦ Pros: Enrichment for animal ◦ Cons: Birds will over indulge Food: Pros and Cons

 Seed pellet mix: Condensed nutrients in pellets with seeds available ◦ Pros: Great variety for enrichment and nutrition ◦ Cons: Many birds eat around pellets Food: Pros and Cons

 Fresh fruit and vegetables ◦ Pros: Enrichment, great way to bond with your animal (sharing food) ◦ Cons: too much can cause damage to digestion system

 Grit ◦ Pros: Required for health digestion system of birds ◦ Cons: Some birds are picky with how grit is delivered.  Best practice: Mixtures of seeds, pellets, grit and fresh fruits/vegetables Food: Pros and Cons

 Drinking water ◦ Birds should have access at all times to clean drinking water ◦ Common methods of providing water  Provided: Bowls, Gravity watering container

 Bathing ◦ Large bowl ◦ No more than 2 inches deep ◦ Most birds must be able to see the bottom  Marbles, stones, colored bottom Water: Very Important

 Bathing ◦ Warm to room temperature water ◦ Misting spray bottle as well for thorough cleaning Water: Very Important

 Toys ◦ Puzzles ◦ Chew Toys  Cuddle bones: provide needed minerals, helps trim beaks

Enrichment

 Mirrors ◦ Pros: Birds feel less alone & talk their reflections ◦ Cons: Birds will be more comfortable with reflection and reject owner

 Perches ◦ Different sizes, shapes, and textures  Prevents foot stress and injuries Enric h- ment

 Tags/ Bands: Used for ID and registration for paperwork

 Cleaning routine: Thoroughly clean all perches and bowls. Replace bedding. Fresh seeds and fresh water. Illness Prevention

Mite prevention: Mite cartons to help keep mites away from cages. Also available in powder Illness Prevention

 Aviary: large flying enclosure mimicking a natural environment  Hand-fed: Fed by humans formula via large syringe.

 Enrichment: make better or improve in quality  Cuddle bone: provide needed minerals, helps trim beaks Vocabulary: Closing

 Perch: Used for sitting: Different sizes, shapes, and textures  Leg Band: Used for ID and registration for paperwork Vocabulary: Closing

 Compare and Contrast pg.2 ◦ Types of bird food ◦ Types of Perches  Design the perfect cage for your bird Pg. 3 ◦ Use Care sheets on birds ◦ Design a cage based on their needs

Animal Science Level 1

 Identify common Parrot Diseases  Explain common treatment for parrot diseases  Understand symptoms and signs of common parrot diseases

 Why did this happen?

 What is the best way to prevent parrot disease?

 Symptoms: lethargy, diarrhea, ruffled feathers, sinusitis, anorexia, conjunctivitis, and tremors in the neck, wing and legs  Transmission: through infected feces and nasal discharge  Prevention: Quarantine shedding birds, Clean van blades and vents  Prevention: Strict isolation of all diseased birds

 Symptoms: irreversible loss of feathers, shedding of developing feathers, development of abnormal feathers, new pinched feathers, and loss of powder down  Transmission: through direct contact, inhalation or ingestion of aerosols, crop- feeding, infected fecal material, and feather dust

 Symptoms: prolific loss of feathers  Transmission: Non transmissible  Prevention: ◦ Birds are very intelligent. They need socialization and enrichment daily. Feather plucking is normally a main symptom of emotional distress or upset

 Symptoms: lethargy, anorexia, and diarrhea,  Transmission: primarily through the air, shed from an infected bird in the nasal and or ocular secretions, fecal material, and feather dust  Prevention: Proper hygiene  Treatment note: Can be treated with Pepto. 2-3 drops by mouth once a day

 Symptoms: sudden death can occur, progressive weight loss in spite of a good appetite, depression, diarrhea, increased thirst, and respiratory difficulty  Transmission: by ingestion and inhalation of aerosolized infectious organisms from feces.  Prevention: minimize stress and overcrowding; Provide proper ventilation; Prevent malnutrition with a proper diet

 Lethargy: tired, weak behavior  Powder down: Under feathers, powdered skin from feather coverings

 Non-Transmissible: unable to be given to other animals  Shedding: Fluffing off of skin cells (carrying bacteria or viruses)  Aerosol: Air born particles (carrying bacteria or viruses) Vocabulary: Closing

 You’re the Vet  Pages 4 and 5

Animal Science Level 1

 List and locate gross avian anatomy  Discuss comparative anatomy  Understand the concept of homology

 Get out your packets and you will be working on the Anatomy Pages as we go through the notes.

 How are these limbs used?

 How have birds evolved for flight?

 Hollow: air sacs  Bird bones have bones that are fused  Struts/Trusses: for bone strength without the added weight  Extra back bones (vertebrae) for flexibility

 Writing Prompt: 10 Minutes solid writing. Make it readable. Complete thoughts and sentences. Spelling and grammar not a factor in grading.

 Worksheet 6: Relate it to you Page 6  Example:

 Anatomy Sheet  Page 7

 Remiges: the large quill feathers of a bird's wing, main blood supply to feathers  Digits: “toes”, able to be moved for grasping

 Covert: small feathers covering the bases of the longer feathers  Homology: Same bones, used for different purposes by different animals (seal fin vs. bird wing) Vocabulary: Closing

 1. Remiges:2. Homology: 3. Lethargy: 4. Non-Transmissible: 5. Aerosol: 6. Aviary: 7. Enrichment: 8. Perch:9. Parrot:10. Song bird:  Describe Homology. What is it? What does it mean for evolution? Give examples in your answer  Know the bird diseases and their symptoms.