Designing A Portable Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (BabyPod) For Emergency Situations BME 401: Preliminary Design Presentation Kasidis Horsangchai, Doreen Sheen, and David Yang Frank Yin, M.D., Ph.D. Laura Marquardt Group 23: Mentor: Teaching Assistant:

Client Karen M. Wickline, M.D. St. Louis Children’s Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Washington University Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Pre-Term Birth 1 in 10 babies are born premature. (15 million/year)

Pre-Term Birth 1 million babies die each year due to pre-term complications.

Thermal Instability Three Main Disadvantages: 1. Poor thermal insulation 2. Large surface area to volume ratio 3. Small mass to act as heat sink

NICU Isolettes  Stable Thermal Environment, 36.5 ± 0.5˚C  Humidity Control  Clear Walls and Hood  Easy Access Doors GE Giraffe Omnibed

Problem Definition  Natural Disaster  At-Home Birth  Transportation between Hospitals 1. Thermal Regulation of Pre-Term Babies 2. In Emergency Situations

Prior Designs Neonatal Transport Incubator Embrace Infant Warmer

BabyPod Our product, BabyPod, is an emergency alternative neonatal intensive care unit that is low-cost and portable. BabyPod will significantly decrease the risk of over-heating and under-heating by introducing a temperature regulation system driven by a closed- feedback loop.

Specifications ACTUATOR Temperature – 0.1 degrees Celsius sensitivity. Be able to regulate baby’s temperature between degrees Celsius Humidity – have a container for water, be able to actively control humidity (user input) MONITOR LCD Display Low Energy Demand POWER SOURCE Stand Alone Rechargeable Small Size Reliable/ Stable Last At Least One Day Desired Specifications: CONTAINER Insulated Compatible with other devices Padded interior SENSORS Breathing Monitor POWER SOURCE Compatible with other power sources (Able to draw energy from these sources) Necessary Specifications: CONTAINER Length > 50cm Width > 30cm Height (of baby compartment) > 20cm Face of baby visible Weight – easily carried by one person (< 10 kgs) Be able to support the weight of 2kgs Allows O2 (airflow) Secured baby Durable MECHANICAL Stable Interior Reduce Jarring Heat Resistant/Durable Material Light Weight Material 20N force test SENSORS Low Power Demand Small Skin Touch Minimal Wiring Interface with a display Software ADC, DAC, DSP (low cost, reliable) Humidity controller Temperature

Specifications  Rechargeable, stand-alone power source lasting minimum of 24 hours  Well-Insulated  Regulate temperature with a 0.1 ºC sensitivity  System to actively control humidity  Easily carried by one person (<10 kgs)  Secured Baby  Mechanism to reduce jarring  Face of baby visible  Easily opened and closed

Delegations Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3 Kasidis Horsangchai  Temperature Regulation/Actuators X X  Circuit Design X X X  Workflow for Software X Doreen Sheen  Literature Search X  Material Research X  Budget X X  CAD X X David Yang  Sensors X X  Power Source X X  Mechanical Design X X  Website X X

Deadlines and Milestones 9/2410/110/810/1510/2210/2911/511/1211/1911/2612/3 Preliminary Report Web Page DesignSafe Circuit Designs Mechanical Designs CAD Drawings Progress Report Final Circuit Design Final Mechanical Design Final CAD Drawings Final Report Due Date In Progress Phase 1 Phase 2Phase 3

Questions?

References  Faculty bio: Karen M. Wickline, M.D. Washington University Department of Pediatrics..  March of Dimes, PMNCH, Save the Children, WHO. Born Too Soon: The Global Action Report on Preterm Birth. Eds CP Howson, MV Kinney, JE Lawn. World Health Organization. Geneva,  GE Healthcare. The Giraffe Family: Helping Make Sick Babies Well  Ngo, Denise. “Fetching Incubator Backpack May Save Newborn Lives.” PopSci.. May 19,  “The Embrace Infant Warmer is a Product with a Mission.” Embrace..