WH movement 4 Oct. 22, 2012 – Day 22 Introduction to Syntax ANTH 3590/7590 Harry Howard Tulane University

C OURSE MANAGEMENT We need to spend our $150 from the Provost’s Undergraduate Activities Fund. 10/22/12 2 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

REVIEW The quiz was the review. 10/22/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 3

M ULTIPLE WH - QUESTIONS Radford §5.8 §5.9 Summary 10/22/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 4

INTRODUCTION TO MULTIPLE WH Some data (58) a) He might think who has done what? b) Who might he think has done what? c) What might he think who has done? d) Who what might he think has done? e) What who might he think has done? Discussion How would you describe these data? Only one wh-word can move to the specifier of C at a time. But which one? Maybe the closest one to C. 10/22/12 5 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane * * *

SUPERIORITY C appears to attract the highest wh-word. The Attract Closest Condition (78) A head which attracts a given kind of constituent attracts the closest one. This condition can be seen as a consequence of economy: move the smallest constituent possible the shortest distance possible. Adding the requirement of the Chain Uniformity Condition that only a maximal projection be attracted to a specifier, leads to: The Wh-Attraction Condition (79) An edge feature on C attracts the smallest possible maximal projection containing the closest wh-word to spec- C. 10/22/12 6 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

CPV think C’C’ C [TNS, EF] ø TP C [EF] PRN who V do C’C’ T’T’ PRN what VP T 3sPast CP T might T’T’ TP PR he STRUCTURE FOR GOOD MULTIPLE WH MOVEMENT 10/22/12 7 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane PRN who might PRN who

CPV think C’C’ C [TNS, EF] ø TP C [EF] PRN who V do C’C’ T’T’ PRN what VP T 3sPast CP T might T’T’ TP PR he STRUCTURE FOR BAD MULTIPLE WH MOVEMENT 10/22/12 8 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane PRN what might PRN what

S UMMARY Radford §5.9 10/22/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 9

T HE CONDITIONS Complementizer condition Interrogative condition Chain uniformity condition Attract smallest condition Economy condition Left branch condition Impenetrability condition Freezing constraint Attract closest condition Wh-attraction condition 10/22/12 10 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

RELATIVIZED MINIMALITY A constituent can only be affected by the minimal (read “closest”) constituent of the relevant type above it. (61) A head can only be attracted to the closest head position above it. A phrase can only be attracted to the closest phrasal position above it. 10/22/12 11 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

EXERCISE 5.1 On board 10/22/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 12

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