PROMOTION OF PULSES THROUGH INTERCROP IN KHARIF

PULSES AREA COVERAGE

PULSES – PRODUCTION TREND

KHARIF TRENDS

INTERCROPPING IN PULSES Intercropping is a multiple cropping practice involving growing two or more crops in proximity. The most common goal of intercropping is to produce a greater yield on a given piece of land by making use of resources that would otherwise not be utilized by a single crop

NEED FOR INTERCROP IN PULSES Limited scope for area expansion in Pulses Lesser productivity in Pulses Mostly raised as rainfed crop FOR GETTING HIGHER PRODUCTION RAISING PULSES AS INTERCROP

ADVANTAGES OF INTERCROPPING Intercropping gives higher income per unit area than sole cropping. It acts as an insurance against failure of crop in abnormal year. Intercrops maintain soil fertility as the nutrient uptake is made from both layers.  Reduce soil runoff. 

ADVANTAGES IN PLANT PROTECTION Reduces the insect pest populations because of the diversity of the crops grown. Reduces the plant diseases. The distance between plants of the same species is increased because other crops (belonging to a different family group) are planted in between. Attracts more beneficial insects, especially when flowering crops are included the the cropping system Minimizes labor cost on the control of weeds. A mixture of various crops gives often a better coverage of the soil leaving less space for the development of weeds.

ADVANTAGES ……. Pulses enrich the soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules , improves the soil structure The tap root system opens the soil into deeper strata heavy leaf protein increases the soil organic matter

ADVANTAGES IN INCREASING FARM ECONOMY Utilizes the farm area more efficiently. Results in potential increase of production and farm profitability when compared to the same crops grown separately. Provides 2 or more different food crops for the farm family in one cropping season

SUITABILITY OF PULSES AS INTERCROP As short statured plant it suits very well with other crops without affecting crop canopy As short duration crop ( 60-65 days duration) it matures before the main crop It fixes N from root nodules which are required for the other crops It does not compete with other crops.

SUITABILITY OF PULSES AS INTERCROP…..  The time of peak nutrient demands of component crops does not overleap in maize + green gram intercropping system, the peak nutrient demand period for green gram is around 35 DAS while it is 50 days for maize. Competition for light minimum among the component crops.  Complementation exists between the component crops. The difference in maturity of component crops is 30 days.

Intercropping Systems In TAMILNADU Groundnut +Pigeon pea – 6:1 Cotton+ Urd- 1:1 Maize/Sorghum +Mung/Urd – 1:1 Sugarcane +Mung/Urd – 1:1 Mung/Urd+Banana Mung/Urd+Coconut

Intercropping systems……. Raising one row of cowpea for every five rows of groundnut wherever red hairy caterpillar is endemic. Raising intercrops like redgram, blackgram, or other pulses with Groundnut Groundnut + Blackgram in the ratio of 4:1 or Groundnut + Cowpea at 6:1 ratio

AREA TO BE BROUGHT UNDER INTERCROP Crops Kharif Area (lakh ha) Intercropping with pulses (lakh ha) Area to be reconciled (lakh ha.) Groundnut 2.8 0.56 0.28 Cotton 1.3 0.26 0.13 Millets 6 1.2 0.6 Sugarcane 2.1 0.42 0.21   12.2 2.44 1.22 Pure crop- 1.78 lakh ha Intercrop- 1.22 lakh ha.

I. STRATEGIES I. INTERCROPPING Bringing targeted Intercropping Pulses area of 1.22 Lakh ha (reconciled area) out of targeted area of 3.0 lakh ha in Kharif season. Fixing target for each District/ Block/Village Intensive campaign on intercropping. Formation of cluster approach Accurate assessment of area at Village level. Reconciliation through revenue records ( Maintenance of Parallel Adangal by AAO)

High Yielding Varieties Red gram- CoRG 7, CO-6, VBN-2 II. Adoption of improved technologies High Yielding Varieties Red gram- CoRG 7, CO-6, VBN-2 Blackgram- VBN-4, VBN-5, CO-6 Greengram : CO-6, CO-7, VBN-3 Cowpea : CO(CP) 7 Seed treatment with biofertilisers and bioagents Line Sowing with seed drill. 2% DAP Foliar spray Integrated Pest Management Life saving Irrigation at critical stages through mobile sprinkler & Raingun

III. Extension Intervention Preparedness for implementing Kharif strategies Technology dissemination through SMS portal Mass campaign at village levels. Mass Media Communication Distribution of Technology bulletins/ Visual aids Organizing Technology Demonstrations & field days

IV. Scheme Intervention NFSM Cotton with Pulses 500 ha – Rs.50 lakhs Groundnut with Pulses 500 ha- Rs.50 lakhs RKVY Groundnut with Pulses- 20000 ha –Rs.200 lakhs

Anticipated Availability (Mt) Seeds Required Crops Area Targeted(l.ha) Total seed Reqt(Mts) Dept. Seed Reqt. .(Mt) Anticipated Availability (Mt) Redgram 0.720 504 158 282 Blackgram 0.90 900 198 1110 Greengram 0.4 400 88 437 Cowpea 0.42 420 92 258 Total 2.440 2224 537 2087

MAIZE WITH REDGRAM

SUCCESS STORY OF THE INTERCROP- redgram with groundnut A farmer showing groundnut, an intercrop, on his field at Chellakutiur near Vedasandur in Dindigul district.— 

SUCCESS STORY Contd… With no additional investment, farmers of Chellakuttiyur near Vedasandur have been making a decent income through adoption of intercropping pattern. “I have raised red gram as intercrop to groundnut crop. Groundnut can be harvested in 105 days and red gram in 135 days. After harvesting the first crop, residual effect of the groundnut crop in the soil will enhance the yield of red gram,” said farmer P. Muthusamy. “I need not add any input to raise red gram. It grows with the water and fertilizers given to the main crop,” he adds. THE HINDU DINDIGUL, November 7, 2014

Sorghum with redgram

GROUNDNUT WITH PULSES

SUGARCANE WITH GREEN GRAM

Gingelly with redgram

GROUNDNUT WITH REDGRAM

PULSES IN COCONUT GARDEN

Measurable outcome in kharif PRODUCTIVITY 800 Kg ha. PRODUCTION 2.40 lakh MT.

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