January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 1 I) CNGS status radiation damage on electronics strip line repair II) OPERA issues Based on the work done by the CNGS/SBWG and the report given to RPC08 by I. Efthymopoulos proton intensity for the 2008 run OPERA experiment status

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 2 Radiation damage on electronics

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 3 CNGS Electronics - underground Designated “radiation safe” areas for electronics

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 4 Ventilation Electronics - Layout Temperature Probes Ventilation Units Target Chamber Service Gallery Proton Beam Line …electronics equipment Ventilation Chamber Junction gallery

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 5 Electronics Racks inside the Service Gallery Ventilation ducts (to be moved)

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 6 Installed ventilation equipments Unit 231 Ventilation duct Service Gallery TSG4 Unit 232 TSG44 Balcony TCV4 Location of broken PLC

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 7 Junction Gallery

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 8 Radiation field – FLUKA simulation Energetic (>20 MeV) hadron fluence (/cm 2 /yr 1 ) for a nominal CNGS year of 4.5E19 pot ~ 10 7 – 10 9 h/yr A.Ferrari, et. al., 2007 Location of observed failures Can create Single Event Effects on electronics (bit flip, single event upsets...) A fluence of ~10 9 h/yr would correspond to ~19 failures/yr per device

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 9 Radiation field – FLUKA simulation Total dose in Gy/y for a nominal CNGS year with 4.5E19 pot ~ 0.1 – 10 Gy/y A.Ferrari, et. al., 2007 Commercial electronics typically do not fail below 1 kRad (10 Gy)

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 10 Radiation field – FLUKA simulation ~ 10 9 – n/cm² A.Ferrari, et. al., 2007 Commercial electronics typically do not fail below n/cm 2 1 MeV eq. neutron fluence (cm -2 yr -1 ) for a nominal CNGS year of 4.5 E19 pot

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 11 Radiation effects on electronics  The ventilation electronics that failed were installed along the TSG4 gallery next to the ventilation ducts and in the TCV4 balcony  In both areas the radiation levels as predicted by the simulations are far too high for COTS components  the electronics should have failed and they did !  No failures to electronics in the TSG4 “safe” area were observed  Should not have happened according to simulations for the beam intensities we had, however  would have happened if we were running longer...  During the 2007/2008 shutdown, work is organized to remedy the problem and assure nominal running of the facility for 2008 and beyond.

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 12 Actions for 2008 shutdown General guideline:  Move whatever is possible of the electronics out of the CNGS tunnels  For the equipment, which needs/must stay in the area:  Create a “radiation-safe” area by adding adequate shielding and move all the electronics in there  Address the sensitivity to radiation of the installed electronics and investigate upgrade possibilities to rad-tol components  Assure a MTBF – of at least 1 year  redundancy and preventive maintenance actions  Install radiation monitoring system for electronics as in LHC

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 13 Ventilation duct layout TCV4 TCC4 TSG4 old TCV4 TCC4 TSG4 new Shielding plugs

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 14 New shielding plugs – TSG4 & TSG41

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 15 Status  The layout modifications will have no impact on operation and design principles of CNGS  However, access rules, procedures and dose estimates for maintenance operations need to be updated  Simulation studies are ongoing to estimate the radiation field for the electronics  Preliminary results with “ideal” shielding (minimal penetrations) show a reduction of at least 10 4 in the high energetic hadrons, reality could be x10 lower  Work is ongoing to implement the final shielding geometry as to be built.  Basically no work will be executed close to the “hot” areas in TCC4. In the rest of the areas the radiation levels are rather low.  Nevertheless, for the planning and execution of the works in-situ the same procedures as with the horn repairs will be followed  Optimization of design and execution taking into account RP and safety constraints  Detailed planning of activities in parallel to dose planning  Supervision of the works/workers in-situ ; use of appropriate materials for RP and waste handling

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 16

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 17 Ventilation: modified layout in TSG41

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 18 Shielding layout in TSG41

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 19 Tentative Schedule of the work Very tight schedule:  no contingency,  1-2 weeks to be added for beam commissioning

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 20 Gy/yr for a nominal CNGS year of pot No shielding With shielding (caveat: the option simulated in TSG41 does not include the ventilation ducts)

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 21 1 MeV eq. neutron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of pot No shielding With shielding (caveat: the option simulated in TSG41 does not include the ventilation ducts)

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 22 Energetic (> 20 MeV) hadron fluence (cm-2 yr-1) for a nominal CNGS year of pot No shielding With shielding (caveat: the option simulated in TSG41 does not include the ventilation ducts)

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 23 Fluences in front of the shielding

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 24 TSG41 shielding : preliminary results Fluence of high energy hadrons Absorbed dose [Gy per particle] simu

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 25 Strip Line Repair

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 26 Reflector flexible cable : Strip line  Failure observed only in the outer plate of the reflector  The break is due to material fatigue from the mechanical & thermal effects during pulsing, most likely enhanced by the treatment during construction (brazing, etc..)  Last minute discovery before the 2007 startup  Flexibles are needed to compensate for mis-alignment errors in the striplines and absorb the thermal dilation during operation

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 27 Reflector flexible cable : strip line Temporary measures taken in 2007 to continue with the run:  Insulating sheets installed on the flexible section  Protects against short-circuits  Installed on horn and reflector  Put an electrical by-pass in place  Ensure that current still flows in case last cable breaks  Installed on most outer reflector plate In shutdown 2008:  Design new flexible strip lines  Replace existing ones for both horn & reflector

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 28 Proton intensity for the 2008 run

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais run : SPS schedule 147 days max for the CNGS Spread over 23 weeks (Nominal CNGS year : 200days) May 29 th November 10 th

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais run : Super-Cycle SPS super cycle as in the proposal Proposed super cycle in 2008: Extended to 39.6 sec in 2007: 3 CNGS : 18 sec fix target cycle 16.8 sec (flat top 4.8  9.6 sec) MD cycle added (4.8 sec)  Adding LHC pilot cycle: 8.4 sec  super cycle = 48 sec !  tuning parameters: o replace the LHC pilot cycle (and MD cycle ?) by CNGS cycles when LHC R&D is off o reduce the flat top for fixed target experiments to 4.8 sec

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais run : expected statistics Expected 2008 runNominal CNGS Number of days Super Cycle (sec.) Circulating proton efficiency70%80%55% Integrated pot Total number of interactions2770 CC events2070 NC events455 Electron events16 Charm decay83 Tau candidate eV 2 )1.1 Minimal granted by CERN If no delay in the CNGS repair ~120 evts/week

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 32 Possible gain for the number of CNGS cycles (A) Nominal 2008 Super Cycle  3 CNGS / 48 sec 1800 CNGS/shift 1. (B) Reducing flat top to ~4.8 sec  3 CNGS / 43.2 sec 2000 CNGS/shift 1.11 (C) B + adding 1 CNGS cycle  4 CNGS / 49.2 sec 2341 CNGS/shift 1.30 (D) C + replacing LHC & MD by CNGS  6 CNGS / 48 sec 3600 CNGS/shift 2.00 (E) CNGS dedicated mode  1 CNGS / 6 sec 4800 CNGS/shift 2.7 Only way to increase the nb of pot and (or) compensate CNGS delay Example of an optimized week (for OPERA): scenario C during day shifts (working days) scenario D during night shift and WE Gain : ~1.7 This would imply up to ~200 evts /week Can OPERA handle this rate ?

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 33 OPERA issues: Status of the preparation of the OPERA experiment : Detector filling Electronic detectors Brick handling, processing, scanning In 2008, our main goal is to get a full year of data taking:  First OPERA year  First  candidates

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 34 Detector filling Remember what was the situation one year ago ! Warmest congratulations to the teams involved: Brick components (Lead & CSd), BAM & BMS Coordinated in a Kaisen way by Salvatore June 10 th July 28 th October 25 th Achieved ! Including 15% contingency (~3 weeks)

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 35 Electronic Detectors SM1 Veto BMS Target tracker SM2 Spectrometer: XPC, HPT, RPC, magnet  all installed & commissioned  DAQ validated, data transfer onto the DB implemented  data analysis tools being tuned on real data ! o HPT reconstruction still to be validated o Event reconstruction & Brick Finding:  more data needed for a complete tuning

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 36 Brick Handling, Processing & Scanning This subject was the purpose of this Workshop  it was a very fruitful meeting, organized in a smart way thanks to Nakamura san, Hoshino san, Sato san & Kodama san  better to look at the summary reports from the Working groups Recommendation: 1)Do not underestimate the amount of work for a nominal OPERA year with 5200 events  this year 320 shifts to be fulfilled for the film development  improving the track finding efficiency in the CSd is an issue 2)Quality control is essential during the brick processing

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 37 CONCLUSION Looking forward to discuss the first Tau candidates next year in Nagoya Keep your fingers crossed … in your mind, you need your hands for working !

January 23 rd, 2008 CNGS & OPERA status Yves Déclais 38 title