Global Burden of Tobacco Tobacco killed 100 million people worldwide in the 20th Century Leading preventable cause of death - kills up to half of people who use it Unless urgent action is taken By 2030 tobacco will kill >8 million people each year - 80% in developing countries Tobacco could kill 1 billion people during the 21st Century - unless we act now

Smoking and Second-Hand Smoke Damage Every Part of the Body

Nearly 2/3 of the World’s Smokers Live in Just 10 Countries More than 40% live in just 2 countries

MPOWER Six Proven Polices to Reverse the Global Tobacco Epidemic Monitor tobacco use and prevention policies Protect people from tobacco smoke Offer help to quit tobacco use Warn about the dangers of tobacco Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship Raise taxes on tobacco

Monitor Tobacco Use and Prevention Policies Accurate monitoring is essential Tobacco use prevalence Impact of policy interventions Tobacco industry marketing, promotion and lobbying

Protect People from Tobacco Smoke No safe level of second-hand smoke Smoke-free environments protect health of non-smokers and help smokers quit Only completely smoke-free indoor areas with no exceptions work Smoke-free laws popular and do not harm business Worker safety measure Bar and restaurant receipts increased in California after going smoke-free

Offer Help to Quit Tobacco Use Nicotine is addictive Health care system has primary responsibility to treat tobacco dependence Quit lines also effective Nicotine replacement therapy can double quit rates

Warn About the Dangers of Tobacco Most people are unaware of full range of health risks of tobacco use, SHS exposure Anti-tobacco ads help change image of smoking Pack warnings are effective, especially if they have pictures covering half of pack 3/4 approve of warnings More than half changed opinions 2/3 want to quit Impact of pack warnings in Brazil

Enforce Bans on Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship Tens of billions of dollars spent each year to promote tobacco Advertising increases sales, illness and death Bans are effective, but only if comprehensive Advertising in all media must be banned All marketing/promotion must be prohibited Enforcement is essential Comprehensive advertising bans amplify effects of other interventions 9 times faster reduction in consumption with ban than without after 10 yrs

Higher tobacco taxes reduce consumption Raise Taxes on Tobacco Increasing tobacco taxes is best way to reduce consumption Especially among the young and the poor Taxes must keep pace with inflation and with increasing consumer spending power Tobacco taxes generally well accepted Higher taxes increase revenues, help pay for tobacco control and other health/social programs Higher tobacco taxes reduce consumption Tax rates vs. consumption, South Africa

First-Ever Comprehensive Country-by-Country Assessment Assesses implementation and enforcement of MPOWER Countries need to do much more Some progress, but no country fully implements even 5 of the 6 key interventions Tobacco control requires political commitment from all levels of government and engagement by civil society No policy Minimal Moderate Complete No data

Most Countries Have Not Implemented Effective Tobacco Control Policies

Only 5% of World Covered by Effective Tobacco Control Policies 5% or less benefit from effective interventions to reduce use

Individual Country Reports

Regional Summaries Example: South-East Asia

Global Tobacco Control is Underfunded Globally, tobacco tax revenues are 500 times higher than spending on tobacco control In low- and middle-income countries, tax revenues are 5,000 times higher