EARTH ° Prime Meridian O ° Arctic Circle 66 2/3 ° North Pole 90 ° Arctic Circle 66 2/3 ° Tropic Of Cancer 23 1/2 EARTH ° Equator 0 ° Tropic Of Capricorn 23 1/2 ° Antarctic Circle 66 2/3 ° South Pole 90 °

Latitude (Lat is Flat) are lines that run parallel from pole to pole. “Pieces of Bread” “parallels” Zero degree at the equator to 90° degree at the poles Longitude, are lines that run from North Pole to South Pole “Apple wedges” “Meridians” Zero degree at the Prime Meridian up to 180°degree on the other side of the world, then the numbers work there way back to the Prime Meridian

AMOUNT OF DAYLIGHT AT EARTH’S SURFACE ACTUAL OBSERVATIONS AS YOU GO FURTHER AWAY FROM THE EQUATOR THE AMOUNT OF DAYLIGHT INCREASES IN THE SUMMER AND DECREASES IN THE WINTER. THE EQUATOR HAS APPROXIMATELY 12 HOURS OF DAYLIGHT ALL YEAR ROUND THE NORTH POLE HAS 24 HOURS OF DAYLIGHT IN THE SUMMER AND 24 HOURS OF NIGHT IN THE WINTER. ON SEPTEMBER AND MARCH 22, ALL AREAS ON EARTH HAVE 12 HOURS OF DAY AND 12 HOURS OF NIGHT.

SEPTEMBER AND MARCH 22

No darkness above Arctic Circle June 21st Summer Solstice North Star 23 ½ N ° No darkness above Arctic Circle Equator Direct Rays from the Sun are at the Tropic of Cancer Sun Indirect Rays No daylight below Antarctic Circle

JUNE 21

Sun Sept 21/22 First day of Fall, and March 21/22 First Day of Spring Direct rays of the sun are at the Equator (equal amount of daylight and darkness) Sun Direct Rays

DECEMBER 21

23 ½ S ° Sun Indirect Rays Direct Rays Indirect Rays Dec 21 First day of Winter “shortest day of the year” “Winter Solstice” 23 ½ S ° Direct rays of the sun reach the furthest southern point constant darkness Indirect Rays Sun Direct Rays Indirect Rays constant daylight

EARTH IS TILTED A TILTED EARTH WOULD EXPLAIN MOST OF THE OBSERVATIONS THAT WE SEE . THE EARTH IS TILTED AT A 23.5 DEGREE ANGLE.

Direct Rays at the Equator Sept 21 (Autumnal Equinox) March 22 (Spring Equinox) Sun 12 hrs of daylight, 12 hours of darkness Equinox – “equal night”

REVOLUTION THE TILT OF THE EARTH, ALONE, WOULD NOT ACCOUNT FOR THE CHANGE IN THE PATH OF THE SUN. IF THE EARTH WERE TO REMAIN IN ONE POSITION IN SPACE, ONE HEMISPHERE WOULD EXPERIENCE SUMMER WHILE THE OTHER WOULD EXPERIENCE WINTER. Portoviejo

kids.msfc.nasa.gov/Earth/ Seasons/Seasons.htm Animated Gif on seasons from NASA