Morphology of Range Plants Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Morphology of Range Plants There are 14 slides in this presentation

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Objectives Define plant morphology Describe characteristics of the leaves, stems, roots, and flowers of range plants Describe the anatomy of grasses There are 14 slides in this presentation

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Plant Morphology Describes the physical form and external structures of a plant There are 14 slides in this presentation

Stems Stems—the axes of plants—consist of nodes (where leaves and axillary buds are produced) separated by internodes.

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Stems Grasses Grass-likes Forbs Shrubs (Sedges) (Rushes) Hollow or Pithy Solid Not Jointed Solid Woody Solid There are 14 slides in this presentation

Sharp things Thorn - sharp-pointed stem/shoot (fr. axillary bud) Spine - sharp-pointed leaf or leaf part leaf spine (also leaflet spine) stipular spine petiolar spine Prickle - sharp pointed epidermal appendage

Stem (Shoot) Types & Modifications

Onion Bulb

Compare ……???

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Leaves Important characteristics Type Arrangement Shape Margin Veination Apex There are 14 slides in this presentation

External Parts of the Leaf

The major parts of the leaf are shown in Figure 4. 3 The major parts of the leaf are shown in Figure 4.3. In monocots the leaf is almost always broadly sheathing at the base. In taxa such as grasses and gingers there is an adaxial flap or ligule at the junction of the sheath and blade. A leaf that lacks a petiole is said to be sessile.

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Leaf Types Simple Compound Compound - Palmate Compound - Pinnate There are 14 slides in this presentation

Leaf Arrangements (Compound)

Leaf Forms

Leaf characteristics

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Leaf Shapes Linear Elliptic Lanceolate Oblanceolate Ovate Obovate Palmate Wedge-shaped Arrow-shaped There are 14 slides in this presentation

Finally, the leaf may have many parallel veins, a pattern termed parallel venation.

Leaf Bases

Leaf Margins

Leaf margins

Leaf Margin - The leaf blade may have lobed or unlobed margins Leaf Margin - The leaf blade may have lobed or unlobed margins. These and other types of margins are: unlobed, lobed, entire, dentate, serrate, and crenate.

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Leaf Margins Lobed-pinnate Lobed-palmate Serrated Entire Scalloped Toothed There are 14 slides in this presentation

Leaf Tips

Leaf Apex and Base - Various terms relating to the shape of the leaf apex or leaf base include: acute, obtuse, acuminate, emarginate, truncate, and rounded (apex); acute, obtuse, rounded, decurrent, truncate, cordate, lobate, and sagittate (bases).

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Leaf Veinations Parallel Pinnate Palmate Netted There are 14 slides in this presentation

Leaf Arrangements (Simple)

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Leaf Arrangements Alternate Opposite Whorled There are 14 slides in this presentation

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Roots There are 14 slides in this presentation

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Flowers Inflorescence types Spike Raceme Panicle Umbel Head There are 14 slides in this presentation

Inflorescence types Umbel

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Flowers Composite Heads Ray Flowers Disk Flowers Ray and Disk Flowers There are 14 slides in this presentation

Warm-up 03/15 Label the following 5 flower parts. 1. _________ 5. _______ 2. _______ 4. _______ 3. _______

Parts of the Flower Sepals Outer covering of the flower bud. Protects the stamens and pistils when flower is in bud stage. Collectively known as the calyx.

Parts of the Flower Petals Brightly colored Protects stamen & pistils. Attracts pollinating insects. Collectively called the corolla.

Parts of the Flower (Stamen) Male reproductive part Anther Produces pollen Filament Supports the anther

Parts of the Flower (Pistil) Female reproductive part Ovary Enlarged portion at base of pistil Produces ovules which develop into seeds Stigma Holds the pollen grains

Parts of the Flower (Pistil) Style Connects the stigma with the ovary Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated

Parts of the Flower

Schematic of a Complete, Perfect Flower

Imperfect Flower Male or female reproductive organs not, but not both. Example: A male flower has sepals, petals, and stamen, but no pistils. A female flower has sepals, petals, and pistils, but no stamen.

Perfect Flowers Contains both male and female reproductive structures.

Incomplete Flowers Missing one of the four major parts of the flower. Stamen Pistil Sepal Petal

Complete Flowers Contains male and female reproductive organs along with petals and sepals.

Flowers Imperfect flowers are always incomplete but…….. Perfect flowers are not always complete and…….. Complete flowers are always perfect.

Importance of Flowers Important in florist & nursery businesses. Many plants are grown solely for their flowers. Plants have flowers to attract insects for pollination, but people grow them for beauty & economic value.

Important Flower Crops

Flower Dissection Working in table group. One dicot and one monocot flower per table Follow directions in your packet.

All Structures:

Petals

Leaf

Stamen Male reproductive structure Composed of an anther and filament The anther produces pollen grains

Stamen

Pistil Female reproductive structure Composed of stigma, style, and ovary Eggs develop in the ovary

Pistil

Ovary longitudinal section

Exposed Ovules

Fleshy fruit types

Warm-up 03/16 Monocot or Dicot? Monocot 1 Dicot 3 Monocot 2

Range Plants -- OBJ 1: PPT Anatomy of Grasses Spikelet Inflorescence Culm (stem) Node (joint) Internode Leaf Stolon Rhizome There are 14 slides in this presentation